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Burridge -Exam2
Cells
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| connective tissue | lots of ECM few cells |
| epithelial tissue | tightly bound sheets of cells, sparse ECM (basement membrane) |
| tight junctions | "O-ring" seal, separate apical and basolateral surfaces, prevent movement between |
| glycocalyx | CHO-rich coating on cells |
| junctional complex | tight junctions, adherans junctions, and desmosomes |
| zona adherans | continuous jxn around cell, strong adhesion btwn cells and attachment to microfilaments |
| desmosomes (macula adherans) | spot welds, keratins/tonofilaments attach to them |
| hemidesmosomes | spot weld to basement membrane, serves as attachment for integrin IFs |
| focal adhesion | seen in TC and scar contracture, strong adhesion to ECM and attachment for microfilaments |
| Gap junctions (communicating junction) | allow passage of molecules (<1500kDa) through connexons, permeability regulated by Ca and pH |
| actin decoration | bind myosin head to actin for identification with EM |
| phalloidin | dervied from fungus, prevents depolymerization of microfilaments |
| G-Actin | unpolymerized actin |
| Gels or Networks of Actin | actin filaments crosslinked with binding proteins-->rigidity |
| dyneine motor | move stuff to minus end of MT (act at kinetochores during anaphase) |
| kinesin motor | moves stuff to + end of MT (pushes poles apart during anaphase) |
| Cadherins | Ca dependant CAM - homophilic glycoproteins, link to actin and some found in desmosomes |
| Ig CAM | Ca independant - hetero or homophilic binding, includes ICAM and NCAM, found on surfaces of neural, lymphoid, and endothelial |
| selectins | Ca dependant protein CAM, binds to CHO, found on leukocytes and endothelial cells, include PMNs |
| Fibronectin | ECM component-large disulfide linked dimeric protein, multi domains, RGD domain critical binding seq, important for cell adhesion and migration (found in focal adhesions) |
| laminin | ECM component -in BM, binding site for other ECM components |
| elastin | ECM component- BV,lungs,and skin-associates w/ fibrillin (def. in Marfan) |
| GAGs and proteoglycans | ECM component- makes cavities(embryo) and resists forces (joints) |
| integrins | receptor for many ECM components, alpha and beta subunits span membrane often concentrated at myotendinous jxns and focal adhesions interact w/ actin, talin, filamin, and alpha actinin |
| integrin a5B1 | Fn receptor binds only Fn RGD |
| integrin avB3 | Vitronectin receptor binds several RGD |
| integrin aLB2 | on leukocyte binds ICAM-1 on other leukocytes and endothelial cells --> inflammatory response (def. in LAD) B2 family is target of antiinflammatory drugs |
| integrin aIIbB3 | on platelets, bind fibrin/fibrinogen via RGD --> clotting (def in Glanzmann's) target of anticlotting drugs |
| B4 integrin | long cytoplasmic domain, found in hemidesmosomes, binds tonofilaments/keritins |
| microfilaments | actin, myosin |
| cytochalasin | inhibits actin polymerization |
| gelsolin | dissassembles actin gels |
| actin bundles | contractile ring, microvilli, stereocilia, focal adhesions |
| focal adhesions | AKA stress fibers- actin bundles associate w/ integrins via vinculin, talin, and alpha actinin |
| GTP Rho | stimulates stress fibers and focal adhesions |
| GTP Rac | stimulates ruffles and lamellipodia |
| GTP Cdc42 | stimulates filopodia |
| MLCK | ca regulated protein kinase in smooth muscle -->induces active conformation of myosin |
| Rho-kinase | activated by Rho-->phosphorylates light chain of myosin II AND inhibits phosphatase that reverses action |
| troponin | regulated by Ca in striated muslces |
| spectrin | binds F actin to ankyrin (in PM)--> biconcavity of RBC |
| Cell extension | regulated by Rac and Cdc42 |
| Cell adhesion | regulated by CAMs |
| Cell contraction | regulated by Rho |
| Taxol | prevents depoly of MT |
| Colcemid, Colchecine, nocodozole, vinblastin | causes depolymerization of MT |
| Type 1 IF | tonofilaments, keratins, cytokeratins |
| tonofilaments | insert into desmosomes and hemidesmosomes |
| keratins | tissue specific, defective in EBS |
| Type 2 IF | crosslink to other MT, e.g. vimentin to MT in fibroblast |
| Type 3 IF | neurofilaments, primarilty structural, crosslink MT and actin |
| Type 4 IF | nuclear lamins, provide structure to nucleas, phosphorylation disintegrates them for mitosis |
| Nulclear Pore movements | in/out determined by NLS and regulated by Ran |
Created by:
MouserKat
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