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Ans chapter 16

autonomic nervous system

QuestionAnswer
What division of the ANS is said to function as “rest and digest”; as “fight or flight”? parasympathetic nervous system and sympathetic
What is meant by thoracolumbar outflow and craniosacral outflow? Because of its location, the parasympathetic system is commonly referred to as having "craniosacral outflow," which stands in contrast to the sympathetic nervous system, which is said to have "thoracolumbar outflow."
preganglionic? Are the first neurons in a two neuron chain for the ANS. They are lightly myelinated, thin fibers. SHORT
postganglionic fiber? Are the second neurons in the two neuron chain for the ANS. They are even thinner when compared to the first neuron, and are unmyelinated. LONG
somatic motor neurons?
Which fibers (pre or post ganglionic) are long or short in the sympathetic and parasympathetic NS? Parasympathetic, has longer preganglionic and short postganglionic fibers. Sympathetic, has shorter preganglionic and longer postganglionic fibers
What is the overall job of the parasympathetic system? it performs maintenance activities and conserves body energy
What is the overall job of the sympathetic system? it mobilizes the body during extreme situations
What is the most important role of the Parasympathetic system? Its the D division -digestion -defecation -diuresis (urination)
What is the most important role of the sympathetic system? Its the E division -exercise -excitement -emergency -embarrassment
In the sympathetic NS and parasympathetic NS where are the preganglionic neurons located? Parasympathetic fibers emerge from the brain and sacral spinal cord, and visceral effector. Sympathetic fibers emerge from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord
What is the cranial outflow of the parasympathetic division? -oculomotor (3) -facial (7) -glossopharyngeal (9) -vagus (10
What effector organs do ganglionic neurons of the ANS innervate? visceral effector organ
What are the two major neurotransmitter released by the ANS? -Acetylcholine -Norepinephrine
What distinguishes the sympathetic from the parasympathetic divisions? 1- Their unique origin sites 2- The relative length of their fibers 3- the location of their ganglia
When are the sympathetic NS and the parasympathetic NS especially active? REST AND DIGESTION- PARA FIGHT OR FLIGHT- SYMPA
What is a visceral motor neuron whose cell body is within the CNS called? PREGANGLIONIC
What are collateral ganglia”? What structures in general do neurons of the collateral ganglia supply? are sympathetic ganglia which lie between the paravertebral ganglia and the target organ. abdomen, pelvis
What organs would be affected by injury to the cervical sympathetic ganglia? -heart -pupils -salivary glands -lungs
What does the adrenal medulla secrete when stimulated by the sympathetic Ns? epinephrine (adrenaline), norepinephrine (noradrenaline), and a small amount of dopamine.
What are the effects of sympathetic stimulation? increase heart beat iris-dilate vessel- restrict adrenal medulla -secrete secret-epinephr and nonepinephri
What are sympathomimetic drugs? What kind of effects do they have? aka adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of agonists of the sympathetic nervous system such as the catecholamines.
parasympathetic is cholergenic muscarinic nicotinic
sympathetic is adrenergic alpha beta dopaminergic
What are the effects of parasympathetic stimulation? Rest and Digest actions - accommodates = makes lens rounder heart-decrese blood vessel- dilate
Cholinergic fibers include: • somatic motor fibers • preganglionic autonomic fibers • parasympathetic fibers
Adrenergic fibers: Most postganglionic sympathetic fibers release norepinephrine. They are noradrenergic fibers.
Created by: kimberly2538
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