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A/P - Ch. 5
Integumentary System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What are the 2 parts of the Integumentary system? | 1). Cutaneous membrane 2.) Oil glands/sweat glands |
| What are the 2 parts of the cutaneous membrane? | 1). Epidermis 2). Dermis |
| What are the five major functions of the Integument? | 1). Protection of underlying tissue 2.) Temperature maintenance 3). Synthesis and storage of nutrients 4). Sensory reception 5). Excretion and secretion |
| What type of tissue makes up the epidermis? | Stratified squamous epithelium |
| Difference between thick and thin skin | Thick skin has an extra layer while thin skin has one layer |
| Where is thick skin found? | Palms of hands and soles of feet |
| Where is thin skin found? | Everywhere but the palms and soles |
| Which layer of skin has stem cells and produces new skin cells? | stratum germitivum |
| List the two purposes of the epidermal ridges in the stratum basale | 1). Increase surface area 2). Increase friction |
| Where are melanocytes located? | Stratum spinosum and germitivum |
| What is melanin? | Colors skin, eyes, and hair; protects from UV rays |
| What protein is in the granules in the stratum granulosum? | Keratin |
| Stratum lucidum is only found in what type of skin? | Thick skin |
| Skin color is determined by the interaction of what 2 proteins of the skin? | Dermal blood supply and epidermal pigmentation |
| Describe the two skin pigments | 1). Carotene - yellow, orange pigment 2). Melanin - yellow, brown pigment |
| What is the role of melanin in protecting our cells? | Absorbs UV radiation |
| What are freckles? | Clumps of melanin |
| What it vitiligo? | Melanocytes die in patches of skin |
| What is the primary factor that causes the differences in skin color between individuals and races? | Melanocytes |
| Squamos Cell Carcinoma | From stratum spinosum |
| Basal Cell Carcinoma | From stratum germitivum |
| Melanoma | From stratum germitivum; cancerous melanocytes; begins as a mole |
| Name the 2 layers of the dermis and what type of tissue each layer is made of | 1). Papillary - loose connective tissue that nourishes epithelial tissue 2). Reticular - interwoven network of dense, irregular connective tissue |
| Another name for the subcutaneous layer | Hypodermis |
| What type of tissue is located in the hypodermis? | loose connective tissue with fat cells |
| What are the 4 accessory organs of the integumentary system? | 1). Hair follicles 2). Sebacceous glands 3). Sweatglands 4). Nails |
| Sebaceous glands produce ________? | Sebum |
| Sweat glands produce _________? | Persipirations |
| What is released when the arrector pili contract? | Sebum |
| What is the function of sebum (oil)? | Lubricates hair and skin and inhibits bacteria growth |
| When do sebaceous glands increase their activity? | Puberty |
| What causes acne? | Sebaceous ducts become blocked and secretions accumulate |
| What is sweat made out of? | 99% water, electrolytes, organic molecules, waste products |
| Name two specialized sweat glands and their secretions | 1). Mammary glands - milk 2). Ceruminous glands - ear wax |
| List the 5 functions of hair | 1). Protection from UV 2). Regulation of body temperature 3). Guards entrances 4). Warning system 5). Cusions light blows |
| Hair papilla | Peg of connective tissue that contains capillaries and nerves |
| Arrector pili | Ribbons of smooth muscle that extend from the papillary dermis |
| What determines if hair is curly or straight? | Shape of hairs/size of follicles |
| What is the purpose of nails? | Protects tips and limit distortion when exposed to mechanical stress |
| Where does the production of nails occur? | Nail root |
| What is the function of keratin? | Adhere cells to one another to create a protective layer |
Created by:
savvysparks
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