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A/P - Ch. 5

Integumentary System

TermDefinition
What are the 2 parts of the Integumentary system? 1). Cutaneous membrane 2.) Oil glands/sweat glands
What are the 2 parts of the cutaneous membrane? 1). Epidermis 2). Dermis
What are the five major functions of the Integument? 1). Protection of underlying tissue 2.) Temperature maintenance 3). Synthesis and storage of nutrients 4). Sensory reception 5). Excretion and secretion
What type of tissue makes up the epidermis? Stratified squamous epithelium
Difference between thick and thin skin Thick skin has an extra layer while thin skin has one layer
Where is thick skin found? Palms of hands and soles of feet
Where is thin skin found? Everywhere but the palms and soles
Which layer of skin has stem cells and produces new skin cells? stratum germitivum
List the two purposes of the epidermal ridges in the stratum basale 1). Increase surface area 2). Increase friction
Where are melanocytes located? Stratum spinosum and germitivum
What is melanin? Colors skin, eyes, and hair; protects from UV rays
What protein is in the granules in the stratum granulosum? Keratin
Stratum lucidum is only found in what type of skin? Thick skin
Skin color is determined by the interaction of what 2 proteins of the skin? Dermal blood supply and epidermal pigmentation
Describe the two skin pigments 1). Carotene - yellow, orange pigment 2). Melanin - yellow, brown pigment
What is the role of melanin in protecting our cells? Absorbs UV radiation
What are freckles? Clumps of melanin
What it vitiligo? Melanocytes die in patches of skin
What is the primary factor that causes the differences in skin color between individuals and races? Melanocytes
Squamos Cell Carcinoma From stratum spinosum
Basal Cell Carcinoma From stratum germitivum
Melanoma From stratum germitivum; cancerous melanocytes; begins as a mole
Name the 2 layers of the dermis and what type of tissue each layer is made of 1). Papillary - loose connective tissue that nourishes epithelial tissue 2). Reticular - interwoven network of dense, irregular connective tissue
Another name for the subcutaneous layer Hypodermis
What type of tissue is located in the hypodermis? loose connective tissue with fat cells
What are the 4 accessory organs of the integumentary system? 1). Hair follicles 2). Sebacceous glands 3). Sweatglands 4). Nails
Sebaceous glands produce ________? Sebum
Sweat glands produce _________? Persipirations
What is released when the arrector pili contract? Sebum
What is the function of sebum (oil)? Lubricates hair and skin and inhibits bacteria growth
When do sebaceous glands increase their activity? Puberty
What causes acne? Sebaceous ducts become blocked and secretions accumulate
What is sweat made out of? 99% water, electrolytes, organic molecules, waste products
Name two specialized sweat glands and their secretions 1). Mammary glands - milk 2). Ceruminous glands - ear wax
List the 5 functions of hair 1). Protection from UV 2). Regulation of body temperature 3). Guards entrances 4). Warning system 5). Cusions light blows
Hair papilla Peg of connective tissue that contains capillaries and nerves
Arrector pili Ribbons of smooth muscle that extend from the papillary dermis
What determines if hair is curly or straight? Shape of hairs/size of follicles
What is the purpose of nails? Protects tips and limit distortion when exposed to mechanical stress
Where does the production of nails occur? Nail root
What is the function of keratin? Adhere cells to one another to create a protective layer
Created by: savvysparks
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