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HX of Medicine
history of medicine
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Andres Vesalius | dissected bodies secretly; published De Humani Corporis Fabrica in 1538 |
| William Harvey | discovered blood circulation |
| Karl Landsteiner | came up with the 4 blood types |
| Horace Wells, William Morton, Crawford Long | found an effective anesthetic; first public use of anesthesia was on October 16, 1846 |
| Wilhelm Roentgen | discovered x-rays |
| Ignaz Semmelweis | pioneer of antiseptic procedures; helped drop the rates of child birth fever |
| Louis Pasteur | discovered germs; came up with germ theory; began pasteurizing milk to kill bacteria |
| Edward Jenner | came up with the small pox vaccine |
| Jonas Salk | vaccine against polio |
| James Lind | discovered that citrus fruits protected sailors from scurvy |
| Frederick Gowland Hopkins | discovered that our bodies need specific nutrients/vitamins to survive |
| Alexander Flemming | discovered penicillin |
| Howard Florey, Erns Chain | picked up Flemming's work and successfully extracted penicillin and created the world's first antibiotic |
| Bernard Domagk | chemo-therapeutic drugs; sulfa drug |
| Sir Frederick Grant Banting, Charles Best, John James, Rickard Macleod | discovered insulin as a treatment for diabetes |
| Michael Bishop, Harold Varmus | discovered tumor/cancer causing genes; tested it on chickens |
| Luk Montagnier, Robert Galio | discovered/identified HIV/AIDS (retro virus); DNA of the virus becomes part of us |
| Joseph Murray | performed the first successful kidney transplant in 1954 |
| Marie Curie | isolated radium in 1910 |
| Gregory Mendel | established the patterns of heredity |
| Romans | began public health and sanitation systems |
| Hippocrates | father of medicine |
| Leonardo DaVinci, Michaelangelo | used dissection to draw the human body |
| Dark Ages | period of time in which emphasis was placed on saving the soul and the study of medicine was prohibited |
| Clara Barton | founded the American Red Cross in 1881 |
| Egyptians | earliest people known to maintain health records |
| Chinese | used acupuncture to relieve pain and congestion |
| Robert Koch | developed the culture plate method to identify pathogens |
| Florence Nightingale | founder of modern nursing |
| Joseph Lister | began using disinfectants and antiseptics during surgery |
| Gabriel Fahrenheit | created the first mercury thermometer |
| Rhazes | an Arab physician who began the use of animal gut for suture material |
| what ancient people thought was the cause of disease | punishment from the gods; demons and evil spirits |
| Hippocrates stressed these 4 things to help the body heal itself | good dieting, fresh air, exercise, and cleanliness |
| Rod of Asclepius | Greek symbol associated with medicine and healing, founded in ancient Greece; staff entwined by a snake |
| main method to treat disease in the Dark Ages | prayer; divine intervention |
| Shortened the lifespan of people in the Middle Ages | smallpox, dysentery, typhus, bubonic plague |
| Used as medications in the 17th century | plants and herbs |
| Elizabeth Blackwell | first female physician/doctor in the U.S. |
| Gabriel Fallopius | described the tympanic membrane in the ear and the fallopian tubes in females |
| Bartolomeo Eustachio | described the tube that connects the ears and the throat |
| Anton van Leeuwenhoek | invented the microscope in 1666 |
| Rene Laenec | invented the stethoscope in 1819; father of pulmonary diseases |
| Francis Crick and James Watson | discovered the structure of DNA |
| Elizabeth Garret Anderson | first female physician in Britain |
| First open heart surgery | 1950s |
Created by:
natch0s
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