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Chapter 17
Blood - The clotting process, disorders of Hemostasis
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| hemostasis: | stops the bleeding |
| when blood clots, it plugs holes in ___ to ___ | blood vessels - stop leaking |
| what are the 3 stages of hemostasis? | vascular spasm, platelet plug formation & coagulation |
| what happens during the vascular spasm? | the smooth muscle contracts - which slows bleeding |
| in platelet plug formation: | formed elements activates damaged tissue that make platelets sticky- forms plug that temporally seals vessel break |
| the collagen gets exposed in what step of hemostasis? | platelet plug formation |
| in coagulation, what happens? | fibrin forms a mesh that acts as a molecular glue - > traps RBC's & platelets -> clot forms |
| what protein is involved in final step of clotting? | thrombin |
| plasma proteins are produced by the: | liver |
| in coagulation, intrinsic means: | found in the blood |
| in coagulation, extrinsic means: | comes from outside from other tissues |
| the prothrombin activator is made in __ and requires ___ | intrinsic - calcium |
| when is thrombin activated? | in the extrinsic process |
| what enzyme converts fibrinogen to fibrin? | thrombin |
| after thrombin clings to fibrinogen, what is produced? | a cross-linked fibrin mesh |
| what dissolves the clot? | TPA |
| what are anticoagulants? | helps balance the clotting factors |
| low-dose aspirin, heparin, and warfarin are all examples of: | anticoagulants |
| fibrinolysis gets rid of __ | the clot when tissue is healing |
| heparin inhibits __ | vitamin K |
| what enzyme digests fibrin? | plasmin |
| endothelial cells around clot secretes __ that converts __ to __ | TPA -> plasminogen -> plasmin |
| __ and __ also activates plasmiogen | activator 12 & thrombin |
| a clot that develops & persists when there is no clot in the vessel is called a__ | thombus |
| a thombus may be broken free & floats through the blood vessel | embolus |
| what is an embolism? | an embolus that's stuck & obstructing a blood vessel |
| thrombocytopmeia means: | you don't have enough platelets |
| if factor __ and __ is missing, you will have a problem with clotting | 11 & 12 |
| what is required for clotting factor production by the liver? | vitamin K |
| an __ is anything that can make an antibody | antigen |
| the number of disorders caused by deficiences in the blood factor is called: | hemophilia |
| bleeding disorders arise from: | interfering with clotting |
| what blood type is the universal donor? | O |
| what blood type is the universal recipient? | AB |
| blood type AB has: | no antibodies & AB antigens |
| blood type A has: | A antigens & Anti-B antibodies |
| blood type B has: | B antigens & Anti-A antibodies |
| blood type O is composed of: | no antigens & Anti-A & Anti-B antibodies |
| blood that can be received by blood type AB | A, B, AB, & O |
| blood that can be received by blood type B | B,O |
| blood that can be received by blood type A | A,O |
| blood that can be received by blood type O | O |
| what is free hemoglobin toxic to? | kidneys |
| what can happen if you get the wrong type of blood? | fever allergic reaction hemolysis lung problems |
| transfusion reactions can be __ or __ due to: | acute or delayed - antibody reaction to donor cells |
Created by:
Mariahj25
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