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Nutrition
Indigo Mod
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| metabolic disorder | a condition characterized by the body's inability to synthesize or process food into forms the body can use for energy, growth and development |
| hiatus hernia | a condition in which the upper part of the stomach, which is joined to the esophagus or feeding tube, moves up into the chest through a hole in the diaphragm |
| Bard button | a feeding device placed permanently in the stomach to facilitate supplemental feedings |
| gastrostomy tube | a feeding tube inserted through an incision in the abdomen into the stomach |
| percutaneous gastrostomy tube | a feeding tube inserted via endoscopy into the stomach or jejunum |
| jejunostomy tube | a feeding tube placed through the abdominal wall into the small bowel |
| nasogastric tube | a feeding tube put through the nose into the stomach |
| fluid retention | an accumulation of fluid in body tissues or body cavities |
| dysphagia | difficulty swallowing |
| enteral feed | feeding by tube directly into the gastrointestinal system |
| gastric suction | gentle suction applied to a tube placed in the stomach to remove excessive secretion, such as saliva and gastric juices, that tend to accumulate in the stomach after surgery or trauma because the intestine is sluggish, this can prevent or relieve nausea a |
| metabolc rate | the amount of energy expended in a given period, or the physical changes that occur in the body that result in heat production. Also, determined by gender, environment, lifestyle and genetics |
| bowel sounds present | the audible return of gastrointestinal movements or function, also called peristalsis; often charted as BSx4, meaning it sounds audible in all four abdominal quadrants |
| metabolism | the physiologist and biochemical processes that promote and sustain life |
| describe cardiac diet | -admitted with or have pre-existing heart disease -low fat/cholesterol diet may restrict sodium |
| describe diabetic diet | -metabolic disorder, inability to synthesize or process food into forms the body can use for energy,growth, development -prescribe number of calories, proportions fats, carbs and protein |
| describe gluten free diet | -for people with celiac disease, atrophy of the mucosa -complete elimination of gluten |
| describe high calorie diet | -excessive weight loss, cannot reach or maintain healthy weight -ordinary food plus food with high calorie count |
| describe high protein diet | -need to gain weight or for tissue repair -high protein foods |
| describe no added salt diet | -clients with problems with the fluid retention or congestive heart failure -no salt added |
| describe progressive diet | -introduces food in stages as client can tolerate -following major surgery pr gastrointestinal illness |
| describe pureed diet | -clients can not chew or who have dysphagia -ground to soft, silky texture |
| why should TPN be ordered | -severely malnourished and preparing for surgery -receiving radiation/chemotherapy -major surgery, severe burns, multiple fractures -prolonged coma -severe anorexia -severe inflamed bowel -terminally ill |
| what does TPO mean? when would you post an NPO sign? | -nothing by mouth for 8-12 hours -fasting blood sugars or a blood test for cholesterol and triglycerine |
| how does activity affect nutritional needs | -individual in hospital are typically in active and therefore need fewer calories -process of healing will increase body and calorie utilization |
| how does age affect nutritional needs | -older people need less calories -children need more especially during growth periods |
| how does gender affect nutritional needs | -men need more than women -hormones also play a role in increasing metabolic rate |
| how does genetics affect nutritional needs | body structure predetermined by genetics and affects our basal metabolic rate |
| how does illness affect nutritional needs | fever, trauma and surgery raise a person's metabolic rate |
| how does pregnancy affect nutritional needs | metabolism increases to meet energy demands |
| how many grain products should an adult eat in a day | 6-8 |
| how many food groups are there | 4 |
| what is the "other" food group | oils and fats |
| BRAT | banana, rice, apple, toast |
| BSP | bowel sounds present |
| CDA | Canadian Diabetic Associtaion |
| CF | clear fluids |
| CF-DAT | clear fluids to diet as tolerated |
| DAT | diet as tolerated |
| cd, d/c | discharge |
| DD | diabetic diet |
| EF | enteral feeds |
| FF | full fluids |
| FF-DAT | full fluids to diet as tolerated |
| Fr. | French |
| GF | gluten free |
| G-tube | gastrostomy tube |
| HF | high fibre |
| HP | high protein |
| LR | low residue |
| MN | minced |
| NAS | no added salt |
| N-G tube | nasogastric tube |
| NPO | nothing by mouth |
| PAR | parenteral feeds |
| PE | puree |
| REG | regular diet |
| SS | surgical soft |
| T&A diet | tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy diet |
Created by:
tammyadams1982
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