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Chapter 17
Blood
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 functions of the blood? | transportation, regulation, protection |
| waste gets excreted through the __ | kidney |
| in transportation, what happens? | oxygen & nutrients gets delivered to the body tissues |
| when waste gets removed, hormones are transported from the __ to ___ | endocrine cells -> target organs |
| what is the function of hemoglobin? | transports respiratory gases |
| maintaining body temperature, regulating blood pH, fluid volume & heat loss/distribution is apart of __ | regulation |
| when the blood vessels are damaged __ and __ initiate clot formation | plasma & platelets |
| blood is composed of: | plasma & formed elements |
| this is the liquid portion that counts for 55% of the blood. | plasma |
| hemoglobin binds to __ | oxygen |
| formed elements arise from hematopoietic cells in __ | bone marrow |
| RBC's make up__ of the blood | 45% |
| the proteins of plasma: | albumin, globulin & fibrogen |
| fibrogen helps with__ | clotting |
| globulin | immune response |
| albumin is is control of: | locking fluid in |
| the plasma consists of: | proteins. nutrients, electrolytes, respiratory gases & hormones |
| ___ blood cells can go through the blood vessels easily | red |
| what protein makes RBC's red? | hemoglobin |
| this results from single amino acid change in beta chain of hemoglobin. | sickle cell anemia |
| __ binds easily and is reversible to oxygen | hemoglobin |
| the stage in erythrocyte development when the nucleus is lost. | reticuloyte |
| heme has __ in it. this is why it can bind to __ | has iron - oxygen |
| globin | amino acids |
| red blood cells main function is: | oxygen transport |
| hypoxic means: | low oxygen |
| this type of blood cell has no nucleus & no organelles. | RBC's |
| ___ enhances the release of EPO. this is the reason why males have a higher __ | testoreone - hematocrit |
| RBC's has a __ structure | quarternary |
| how many oxygen molecules can be transported by 1 hemoglobin molecule? | 4 |
| polycthemia | too many RBC's |
| when enough blood cells aren't getting produced, it is referred to as: | anemia |
| what is hematocrit? | percentage of red blood cells in the blood |
| polycythemia vera is | bone marrow cancer |
| polycthemia ___ viscosity of the blood | increases |
| a buffy coat is ___ and is located __ | a layer of white blood cells - between the RBC's and plasma |
| white blood cells known as (leukocytes) helps the body: | fight infection (immune system) |
| the only formed element that has organelles and a nucleus. | WBC's |
| leukocytes are grouped in 2 main categories called? | granulocytes & agranulocytes |
| granulocytes are composed of: | neutrophils, eosinophil & basophil |
| basophils contain __ which helps with: | histamine - inflammation |
| what is the most numerous WBC? | neutrophils |
| the least numerous WBC is__ | basophils |
| neutrophils: | active phagocytes |
| this leukocyte attack parasitic worms | eosinophil |
| with this type of leukocyte, numbers increase during an allergic reaction. | eosinophil |
| monocytes contain: | macrophages |
| lympocytes | immune system |
| ___ is stimulated from the bone marrow when oxygen is too low | EPO |
| EPO formation can be triggered by: | iron deficiency, reduced availability to oxygen & reduced numbers of RBC's (due to bleeding or excessive RBC destruction) |
| leukocytosis | when EBC count is over 11,000 |
| abnormally low WBC is known as: | leukopenia |
| overproduction of abnormal white blood cells is known as | leukemia |
| what regulates platelet formation? | thrombopoietin |
| platelets are cell fragments called ___ formed in the bone marrow | megakaryocytes |
Created by:
Mariahj25
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