Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anat-The Brain
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| four major parts of the brain | brainstem, cerebellum, diencephalon, cerebrum |
| function/location of brainstem | connects spinal cord to the brain |
| parts of the brainstem | medulla oblongata, pons, mesencephalon |
| location of medulla oblongata | connects to the spinal cord (continuation of it??) |
| location of pons | swelling on the anterior side of the brainstem |
| location of mesencephalon | deep, connects brainstem and human brain (the rest of the brain) |
| nucleus | concentration/collection of neuron cell bodies in the CNS that carries out a particular function |
| function of medulla oblongata | regulates heart rate, blood vessel diameter, respiration, and swallowing and reflexive actions: vomiting, hiccupping, coughing, and sneezing |
| function of pons | "bridge", connects brain's parts so that action potentials can flow |
| nucleus of pons | sleep and respiratory center-- can influence the respiratory nucleus in the medulla |
| mesencephalon | midbrain |
| mesencephalon function #1 | integral part of auditory pathway in the CNS (runs from inner ear to cerebrum) |
| mesencephalon function #2 | produces a dopamine hormone that stimulates muscles to stop them from contracting, damage to this area can cause Parkinson's |
| cerebellum structure/appearance | cauliflower-shaped, contains 50% of the neurons of the brain even though it's a small structure |
| cerebellum function | involved in control of balance, posture (receives positional information to maintain balance and posture), locomotion, and fine motor coordination producing smooth, flowing movements |
| cerebellum function example | playing the piano properly VS. banging on the keys with your fist-- adds details to signals from the brain (play the piano) and coordinates awareness of position and necessary adjustments |
| components of diencephalon | thalamus (walls), epithalamus (posterior wall), and hypothalamus (floor) |
| diencephalon structure | surrounds a cavity, tissue is the walls, floor, etc. |
| thalamus structure | largest part of the diencephalon |
| thalamus function #1 | most sensory information projects here before going to the cerebrum (except for olfaction-- goes directly to the cerebrum) |
| thalamus function #2 | filters the sensory information (ex. filters out background noise when having a conversation in a noisy room) |
| thalamus function #3 | influences mood and actions such as fear, anger, or rage |
| major structure epithalamus | pineal gland (endocrine) |
| pineal gland function | may influence the sleep-wake cycle (Circadian rhythm) by producing melatonin which induces sleepiness |
| hypothalamus function #1 | ANS control |
| hypothalamus function #2 | endocrine control (pituitary gland is an anterior extension of the hypothalamus); regulates growth, maturity of sexual organs, metabolic rate, and reproduction |
| hypothalamus function #3 | muscle control (Ex. shivering, swallowing) |
| hypothalamus function #4 | temperature regulation (shivering and sweating) |
| hypothalamus function #5 | regulation of food and water intake, "hungry" and "thirsty" signals go here |
| hypothalamus function #6 | emotions: anger, aggression, fear, pleasure, contentment, sex drive, orgasm |
| hypothalamus function #7 | regulation of sleep-wake cycle, controls the production of melatonin by the pineal gland |
| cerebrum hemispheres (halves) | right and left |
| cerebrum lobes | frontal, parietal, occipital, temporal (all under corresponding bones), and insula (deep, can't see it externally) |
| cerebrum function | center for cognition, intelligence, individuality, memory, foresight, emotions, muscular control, interpretation of sensory data, and understanding of the world |
| gyrus | fold |
| sulcus | groove |
| meninges | connective tissue membranes that surround the brain and are continuous with those of the spinal cord |
| superficial meninx | dura mater |
| middle meninx | arachnoid mater |
| deep meninx | pia mater |
| dura mater structure | has sinuses for blood to circulate |
| pia mater location | bound tightly to the brain |
| subdural space function | contains serous fluid |
| subarachnoid space function | contains cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) |
| epidural space function | NOTHING!! dura mater basically contacts the skull bones |
| ventricles | cavity spaces in the brain that connect with each other and the central canal of the spinal cord (ventricles are derived from here) |
| central canal | tiny hole in the center of the spinal cord |
| ventricle names | lateral ventricles (2), third ventricle, fourth ventricle |
| fourth ventricle location | between cerebellum and pons (in brainstem) |
| lateral ventricles location/structure | one in each hemisphere, c-shaped/horseshoe shaped |
| third ventricle location/structure | really thin space in the diencephalon, connected to each of the lateral ventricles |
| choroid plexuses location | extensions in the walls of ventricles |
| choroid plexuses function | filter and alter fluid from blood to make CSF, which fills the ventricles and other parts of the brain and spinal cord in the subarachnoid space |
| CSF characteristics | similar to serum (formed from blood fluid) with most of the proteins removed |
| CSF function #1 | bathes the brain and spinal cord |
| CSF function #2 | provides a protective cushion around the CNS, absorbs some impact energy |
| CSF function #3 | provides some nutrients (such as glucose) to CNS tissues |
| production of CSF | produced by ependymal cells in the ventricles of the brain |
| the brain receives _________________ of blood pumped by the heart | 15-20% |
| arteries through which brain receives blood | right and left internal carotid arteries (through the carotid canal) and right and left vertebral arteries (through the foramen magnum) |
| results of several minutes of interruption to blood flow to the brain | unconsciousness and irreversible brain damage |
| corpus callosum | connects the left and right hemispheres of the cerebrum |
Created by:
Jean-O
Popular Anatomy sets