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IPHY 3415- exam 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| medial | toward midline on longitudinal axis |
| lateral | away from midline |
| proximal | toward attached base |
| distal | away from attached base |
| cranial | towards head |
| caudal | towards tail |
| frontal plane (coronal) | separates anterior and posterior |
| midsagittal plane | passes through midline (separates right and left) |
| parasagittal plane | parallel to midsagittal, light and left unequal |
| transverse plane | separates superior and inferior |
| axial | head, neck, trunk |
| appendicular | limbs |
| orbital | eye |
| buccal | cheek |
| cervical | neck |
| acromial | shoulder |
| thoracic | chest |
| axillary | armpit |
| brachial | arm |
| antecubital | forearm |
| sternal | sternum |
| pollex | thumb/digit 1 |
| umbilical | navel |
| inguinal | junction on trunk and thighs |
| pubic | genital region |
| femoral | thigh |
| popliteal | posterior side of knee |
| patellar | anterior knee |
| peroneal (fibular) | lateral side of leg |
| calcaneal | heel of foot |
| plantar | sole of foot |
| hallux | big toe |
| mammary | breast/pectoral muscles |
| dorsal body cavity | cranial cavity and spinal cavity |
| ventral body cavity | thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity |
| thoracic cavity | pleural cavities and mediastinum |
| mediastinum | pericardial cavity and thymus, trachea, esophagus, aorta |
| abdominopelvic cavity | abdominal organs and reproductive organs |
| serosae associated with the lungs | pleura |
| serosae associated with the heart | pericardium |
| serosae associated with abdominal viscera | peritoneum |
| epidermis type of epithelium | sratified squamous epithelium |
| three types of cells in sratum basale | melanocytes, merkel cells, stem cells |
| germinativum aka | stratum basale |
| two types of cells in stratum spinosum | keratinocytes and Langerhans cells (macrophages) |
| type of cells found in stratum granulosum | keratinocytes (granular appearance) |
| stratum lucidum | only in thick skin, transparent under microscope (dead) |
| stratum corneum | outermost layer of cells |
| 5 layers in epidermis | stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum |
| 2 layers of dermis | papillary layer, reticular layer |
| papillary layer | (dermis) Meissner's corpuscles and dermal papillae |
| reticular layer | (dermis) sebaceous glands and sudoriferous glands |
| sebaceous glands | oil |
| sudoriferous glands | sweat |
| hypodermis components | aerolar tissue, adipose tissue, blood vessels, sensory receptors, pacinian corpuscles |
| pacinian corpuscle | pressure receptor |
| long bones | have epiphysis, diaphysis, marrow cavity (femur) |
| short bones | boxlike, outer compact bone w/ spongy inside (wrist bones) |
| flat bones | thin, parallel layers of compact bone with spongy bone between (skull) |
| irregular bones | complex shapes (vertebrae) |
| sesamoid bones | small, round, flat; free-floating (patella) |
| sutural bones | small, flat, oddly shaped (sutures of skull) |
| epiphyseal line | where growth plate was (epiphyseal cartilage in children) |
| articular cartilage | where bones connect to one another |
| periosteum | outside of diaphysis |
| medullary cavity | marrow cavity |
| red marrow is found where | pelvis, epiphyses |
| where is yellow marrow | diaphyses |
| tuberosity | raised rough projection |
| crest | prominent ridge |
| trochanter | large, blunt, rough projection |
| tubercle | small and rounded projection |
| epicondyle | raised area on or above a condyle |
| line | low ridge |
| process | any bony prominence |
| spine | sharp, slender, or pointed process |
| head | expanded articular end of an epiphysis |
| facet | small, flat articular surface |
| condyle | rounded projection at the end of a bone |
| ramus | extension of bone making an angle to the rest of the structure |
| fossa | shallow depression |
| foramen | rounded passageway for blood vessels and/or nerves |
| meatus | canal leading through the bone |
| fissure | elongated cleft |
| groove | a furrow in the bone |
| sinus | air-filled cavity |
| osteon | basic structural and functional unit of bone |
| lamella | concentric rings in osteon |
| lacuna | where osteocytes lay in osteon |
| canaliculus | connect lacunae to one another |
| perforating canal | run perpendicular to osteons |
| anterior fossa of the head formed by/contains | frontal bone/sphenoid; prefrontal cortex |
| middle fossa of skull formed by/contains | temporal bone; temporal lobe |
| posterior fossa of skull formed by/contains | occipital bone; cerebellum |
| acetabulum is __ on females | smaller |
| pelvic angle females /males | obtuse/acute |
| pelvic inlet female/male | (distance between ischial spines) larger in females |
Created by:
melaniebeale
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