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Medical Terminology
Ch 9 The Endocrine System
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| acidosis | abnormal accumulation of waste materials that are acidic |
| exophthalmos | abnormal protrusion of the eyes |
| goiter | abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a tumor |
| hypersecretion | abnormal increase in hormone production |
| hyposecretion | abnormal decrease in hormone production |
| ketosis | excessive amount of ketone bodies in the blood and urine (Ketoacidosis) |
| polydipsia | excessive thirst |
| polyuria | excretion of abnormally large volumes of urine |
| acromegaly | enlargement of bone structure most prominent in the face and hands; due to hypersecretion of growth hormone from pituitary gland |
| Addison's disease | chronic syndrome caused by hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex |
| adenitis | inflammation of a gland |
| adenosis | abnormal condition of a gland |
| adrenal virilism | excessive production of androgen by the adrenal corex |
| adrenalitis | inflammation of the adrenal gland |
| adrenocorticohyperplasia | abnormal development of the adrenal cortex |
| adrenomegaly | abnormal enlargement of the adrenal glands |
| adrenopathy | general disease of the adrenal gland |
| calcipenia | deficiency of calcium (hypocalcemia) |
| cretinism | congenital hypothyroidism in childern |
| cushing's syndrome | syndrome that results from hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex; characterized by obesity, moonface, hyperclycemia, and muscle weakness |
| diabetes insipidus | caused by hyosecretion of ADH by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland with symptoms that include polydipsia and polyuria; abbreviated DI |
| diabetes mellitus | Chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism; abbreviated DM |
| endocrinopathy | general disease of the endocrine system |
| hirsutism | the presence of excessive body hair |
| hypercalcemia | abnomally high calcium levels in the blood |
| hyperinsulinism | excessive amounts of insulin in the blood |
| hyperkalemia | abnormally high potassium levels in the blood |
| hyperparathyroidism | hypersecretion of the parathyroid glands |
| hyperthyroidism | hypersecretion of the thyroid gland |
| hypocalcemia | abnormally low calcium levels in the blood |
| hypoglycemia | abnormally low blood sugar levels |
| hypokalemia | abnormally low potassium levels in the blood |
| hyponatremia | abnormally low sodium levels in the blood |
| hypoparathyroidism | hyposecretion of the parathyroid gland |
| hypothyroidism | hyposecretion of the thyroid gland |
| myxedema | advanced hypothyroidism in adults with the characteristics of low energy, swollen hands, and face and dry skin |
| pancreatitis | inflammation of the pancreas |
| parathyroidoma | tumor of the parathyroid gland |
| pituitary dwarfism | caused by hyposecretion of growth hormone by the pituitary gland at an early age. Slows growth and caues a short but proportional stature |
| pituitary gigantism | caused by hypersecretion of the growth hormone that begins before puberty |
| syndrome | disorder with an arrayof symptoms and involves multipule organs |
| tetany | caused by deficiency of parathyroid hormone |
| thyrotoxicosis | condition that results from excessive thyroid hormone levels |
| adrenalectomy | surgical excision of the adrenal gland |
| endocrinologist | physician who specializes in the treatment of endocrine disorders |
| endocrinology | field of medicine that focuses on the study and treatment of endocrine disorders |
| fasting blood sugar | diagnostic test to determine blood sugar levels following a 12 hour fast; abbreviated FBS |
| glucose tolerance test | diagnostic test to confirm a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and to determine other abnormalities in glucose metabolism; abbreviated GTT |
| hormone replacement therapy | the use of a drug that replaces a hormone to correct a hormone deficiency; abbreviated HRT |
| parathyroidectomy | surgical excision of one or more parathyroid glands |
| postprandial blood sugar | a measurement of blood sugar levels over two hours after a meal; abbreviated PPBS |
| radioactive iodine uptake | diagnostic procedure that measures thyroid function in which radioactive iodine uptake into the thyroid gland is measured; abbreviated RAIU |
| radioiodine thereapy | the use of radioactive iodine to treat a disease of the thyroid gland, suh as a thyroid tumor |
| thyroid scan | diagnostic procedure that records an image of the thyroid gland following the oral administration of a labeled substance, usually iodine |
| thyroidectomy | surgical excesion of the thyroid gland |
| thyroidotomy | incision into the thyroid gland |
| thyroparathyroidectomy | surgical excision of the thyroid and parathyroid glands |
| thyroxine test | a direct measurement of the amount of thyroxine in the blood to determine hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism |
Created by:
CelenaCamp
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