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Module 10 A&P
Cardio
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| the heart is approx. | size of a fist |
| Base | broadest part of the heart |
| Apex | point of maximum impulse |
| pericardium | doubled wall sac around the heart |
| Pericardial cavity | space that contains serous fluid to prevent friction as the heart beats |
| epicardium | thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that covers the surface of the heart |
| myocardium | cardiac muscles that performs the work of heart |
| endocardium | thin layer of squamous epithelial cells that lines chamber of heart, prevents blood clot formation |
| superior and inferior vena cavae | supply blood to the right atrium |
| left ventricle | has thickest and strongest walls because it must generate enough force to push blood throughout the body |
| Cusps or Leaflets | flaps of tissue that form valves |
| valves open and close in response to... | pressure changes in heart |
| two artioventricular valves (tricuspid & bicuspid) | regulate flow between atria and ventricles |
| valves | prevent backflow into the ventricles |
| Pulmonary valve | located between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
| aortic valve | located between the left ventricle and aorta |
| tricuspid valve | located between the right atrium and right ventricle |
| Mitral valve | located between the left atrium and left ventricle |
| Right coronary artery | supplies blood to the right atrium most of the right ventricle and parts of the left atrium and ventricle |
| coronary arteries | receive their blood supply when the ventricles relax |
| cardiac conduction | SA node, fibers conduct impulses to left atrium, AV node, Bundle of HIS, right and left bundles branches, purkinje fibers |
| Automaticity | the hearts ability to initiate its own electrical impulse |
| SA node | fires at 60-80 beats per minute, hearts pacemaker, if fails another area will imitate heartbeat |
| AV node | impulse from SA node slows here to give atria time to contract completely and ventricle to fill with blood, firing rate 40-60 beats a minute |
| cardiac cycle | the series of events from the beginning of one heartbeat to the beginning of the next |
| cardiac output | heart rate x stroke volume |
| medulla | cardiac center in the brain |
| ejection fraction | percentage of ventricles eject 60% to 80% of blood volume |
Created by:
Kylee_cheyenne
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