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The Muscular System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| what are the 3 types of muscle? | Cardiac, Smooth and Skeletal |
| what muscle is only found in the heart? | cardiac |
| Is the cardiac muscle voluntary or involuntary? | voluntary |
| what involuntary muscle is found in the digestive tract? | smooth muscle |
| what voluntary muscle causes body movement? | skeletal |
| what is the skeletal muscle made of? | muscle fiber |
| what is the layer of connective tissue that surrounds the muscle as a whole and binds all the muscle fibers? | epimysium |
| what attaches to the bone by tendons? | muscle |
| what are tendons made of? | strong cords of fibrous connective tissue |
| what is myofibril? | long protein bundles that fill the sarcoplasm |
| what 2 things does myofibril store? | glycogen and oxygen |
| what stacks together to form the myofibrils? | thin myofilaments and thick myofilaments |
| ATP and calcium are required to do what? | contract the muscle |
| what does the skeletal muscle require for contraction? | stimulation by a motor neuron |
| what is muscle tone? | a continuous state of partial muscle contraction in which muscles are at their optimal resting state. |
| what is a motor unit? | a neuron and all the fibers it stimulates |
| what is the minimum voltage needed to cause muscle fiber contractions? | threshold |
| what is the force of a muscle contraction affected by? | size of the muscle, degree of stretch, and number of muscle fibers contracting. |
| what is the condition of rapid contraction with only partial relaxation? | incomplete tetanus |
| what is the meaning of anaerobic? | without oxygen |
| what type of respiration can generate energy quickly to use for intense bursts of activity? | anaerobic respiration |
| what is the main muscle triggering movement? | prime mover |
| the muscles that assist are called? | synergists |
| the muscles balancing the movements of the prime mover and synergists is? | antagonists |
| when a lack of use causes the muscle fibers and the entire muscle to shrink is? | atrophy |
| define bi? | 2 origins |
| what muscle that raises the eyebrow when glancing upward? | frontalis |
| what muscle that flexes the head? | sternocleidomastoid |
| what elevates the ribs during respiration? | external intercostals |
| what depresses the ribs during forced exhalation? | internal intercostals |
| what enlarges the thorax to trigger inspiration? | diaphragm |
| what are the 3 muscles used for breathing? | external intercostals, internal intercostals, and diaphragm |
| what flexes the lumbar region of the spinal column to cause bending forward at the waist? | rectus abdominis |
| what ABDUCTS, flexes, and rotates the arm? | deltoid |
| what flexes and ADDUCTS the upper arm? | pectoralis major |
| what stabilizes the scapula during arm movements? | trapezius |
| what is the bulging calf muscle? | gastrocnemius |
| what is the most powerful muscle in the body? | quadriceps femoris |
| what is the prime mover when extending the forearm? | triceps brachii |
| what is the muscle that extends the upper arm backward? | latissimus doris |
| what lies superficially between the ribs and elevates the ribs during inspiration? | external intercostals |
| what is the longest muscle in the body and aids in the function of the hip and knee? | sartorius |
| what muscle flexes the thigh? | Iliopsoas |
Created by:
sophia7
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