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ch 17 clinical skill
womens health
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| OB | obstetrician; cares for the pregnant woman |
| GYN | gynecologist; treats diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system |
| menstruation | process where the lining of the uterus sheds and flows out of the body through the vagina |
| average age for menses to begin | 11-15 years old |
| average menstrual cycle | 28 days |
| average days that a woman bleeds during the cycle | 3- 8 days |
| absence of menstrual flow | amenorrhea |
| painful menstruation | dysmenorrhea |
| excessive menstrual flow and/or days of flow;bleeding or spotting between regular cycle | abnormal uterine bleeding(AUB) |
| cessation of menses | menopause |
| average age of menopause | 52 years old; but can occur any time after 40 |
| average length of time a woman has her menstrual cycle until menopause occurs | 35 years |
| this begin when estrogen production by the ovaries gradually decreases | Phase 1; perimenopause |
| complete cessation of menstrual flow for at least 12 months | Phase 2; menopause |
| the years after menopause when symptoms subside | Phase 3; postmenopause |
| symptoms of menopause | headaches; joint pain; vaginal dryness; bladder control problems; fatigue; mood swings; insomnia; depression; irritability; hot flashes and night sweats |
| most common complaint during menopause | hot flashes |
| long term issues linked to menopause | heart disease; poor bowel and bladder function; poor brain function; osteoporosis; increased wrinkling of the skin; gingivitis; loss of muscle tone; vision problems |
| HRT9hormone replacement therapy) may be linked to | breast cancer; blood clots; dementia; cardiovascular disease |
| A complete GYN exam includes | breast exam; pelvic and vaginal exam; PAP smear and cultures; bimanual pelvic/abdominal exam; rectal exam |
| term that refers to how many times a woman has been pregnant | gravida |
| refers to how many live births, abortions, miscarriages, pre term births and full term births | para |
| xray of breast tissue to detect breast cancer | mammogram |
| BSE(breast self exam) should be done | every month at the same time about 7-10 after the LMP |
| mammograms are done yearly after age | 40 |
| most common and reliable method of PAP test | liquid prep method |
| cervix is dilated and endometrial lining is scraped out | D&C (dilatation and curettage) |
| visualization of the vaginal and cervical tissue with a colposcope | colposcopy |
| full term pregnancy is considered to be | 37-42 weeks gestation |
| pregnancy is divided into three | trimesters |
| prenatal visit will include a | complete medical history;physical exam including a pelvic exam; blood work, pap smaear and vaginal cultures, patient education and blood work |
| EDD (estimated date of delovery) is determined by using | Nageles rule |
| Nageles rule is | first day of LMP+ 7 days - 3 months + 1 year |
| hypertension of pregnancy is called | preeclampsia or toxemia |
| diabetes that occurs during pregnancy | gestational diabetes |
| low lying placenta that may block the cervical opening | placenta previa |
| placenta that prematurely detaches from the wall of the uterus | placenta abruptio |
| excessive nausea and vomiting that causes dehydration | hyperemsis gravidarum |
| pregnancy that ends prior to the fetus being viable | miscarriage/abortion |
| lab test that is done to screen for gestational diabetes | GTT(glucose tolerance test) |
| high frequency sound waves that produce an image of the fetus | ultrasound |
| amniotic fluid aspirated from the amniotic sac using a needle under ultrasound guidance | amniocentesis |
| vaginal discharge that occurs after delivery | lochia |
| bright red discharge for the first three days postpartum | lochia ruba |
| pink or brownish dicharge that occurs around day four postpartum | lochia serosa |
| yellowish-white discharge that continues up to three to six weeks post partum | lochia alba |
| postpartum visit is done | 6 weeks after delivery |
| can cause cervical cancer | `HPV human papillomavirus |
| transmission of HPV | vaginal, anal and oral sex |
| vaccines available to prevent HPV | Gardasil and Cervarix |
| Bacterial infection treated with doxycycline or azithromycin | chlamydia |
| bacterial infection treated with ceftriaxone | gonorrhea |
| viral infection treated with Valtrex with an outbreak | genital herpes |
| bacterial infection treated with penicillin | syphilis |
| visualization of the vagina and the cervix with a colposcope | colposcopy |
| cervix is dilated and lining of uterus is scraped out | D&C dilatation and curettage |
| removal of abnormal tissue from the cervix using a thin wire electrode | LEEP |
| use of a doppler to hear the fetal heart beat | FHT |
| FHT are detected at what gestational age | 10-12 weeks |
| use of a metal coil and ultrasound heat to scar the fallopian tube as a form of birth control | Essure |
| use of electricity to detroy the endometrial tissue | endometrial ablation |
| anti estrogen, used to treat estrogen sensitive tumors | Tamoxifen |
| estrogen based birth control | ortho evra; ortho trycycline; nuva ring |
| progesterone based birth control | depo provera; nexplanon; mini pill |
| stimulates ovulation | clomid |
| recommended age of first PAP | 21 |
| Pap smear should be done how often with no risk factors | every three years |
Created by:
clarevoyant1019
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