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ch 13 clinical skill
ear and eye exams
Question | Answer |
---|---|
medical doctor that specializes in treating eye disorders | ophthalmologist |
licensed to perform visual acuity tests and prescribe corrective lenses | optometrist |
only able to fill prescriptions for glasses and contacts | optician |
instrument used to examine the eyes | ophthalmoscope |
ability to only see things close up | myopia (nearsightedness) |
ability to only see things far away | hyperopia (farsightedness) |
farsightedness due to the aging process | presbyopia |
abnormal curvature of the cornea causing blurry vision | astigmatism |
used to test distance visual acuity | Snellen chart |
eye chart used to test children or pt with language barrier | tumbling E chart or Landolt C chart |
how many feet do you place the patient age 6 and over, away from the snellen chart | 20 feet |
how many feet away from the snellen chart do you place children 5 and under | 10 feet |
results of the snellen eye test are written as a | fraction |
the numerator(top #) represents | how many feet the patient was standing away from the chart |
the denominator ( bottom #) represents | the distance at which patients with normal vision can read the line |
how is the snellen test peformed | patient is placed 20 feet away from chart, test each eye separately and then both eyes together; with and without glasses |
test used for screening near vision acuity | Jaeger chart |
test used for color vision screening | Ishihara method |
test used to check for contrast sensitivity | Pelli-Robson chart |
instrument used to check for glaucoma | tonometer |
reason for eye instillation | treat infection; relieve inflammation; anesthetize the eye, constrict or dilate the pupil |
reason for eye irrigation | remove foreign particles; relieve inflammation; remove secretions; flush out chemicals |
common solutions used for eye irrigation | lactated ringers; normal saline; sterile water |
always irrigate the eye from the | inner canthus to the outer canthus |
three main parts of the ear | external; middle and inner |
medical name for eardrum | tympanic membrane |
medical name for ear wax | cerumen |
name for the outer ear | aurricle |
hearing loss as a result of sound waves not able to reach the middle ear due to some type of obstruction | conduction hearing loss |
hearing loss due to damage of the inner ear or the auditory nerve | nerve hearing loss |
instrument used for a gross hearing screen | tuning fork |
tuning fork test used to determine hearing loss in one ear compared to the other | Weber test |
tuning fork test used to determine air conduction loss and bone loss | rinne test |
instrument used to measure hearing acuity at different frequencies | audiometer |
instrument used to determine if the middle ear is transmitting sound waves | tympanometer |
reasons for instillation of ear drops | infection; relieve pain; to soften ear wax |
reasons for ear irrigation | to remove foreign bodies; remove ear wax |
common solutions for ear irrigation | water or saline |
ear irrigation solutions should be warmed to | 99-100 degrees for comfort |
reasons to not irrigate | ruptured tympanic membrane; pain; lightheadedness or dizziness |
ENT is also referred to as an | otorhinolaryngologist |
alpha-agonists;b-beta blockers;cholinergics | meds used for glaucoma |
antibiotic gtt | used for bacterial infections in the eye or ear |
corticosteroids gtt | used to treat inflammation in the eye or ear |
vitamin supplements | treat macular degeneration |
myotic | constricts the pupils |
mydriatic | dilates the pupils |
Weber test is normal when pt | hears equally in both ears |
Conduction loss is indicated with the Weber test when pt | hears sound better in the affected ear |
sensorineural loss is indicated with the Weber test when pt | hears sound better in the unaffected ear |
Conduction loss with the Rinne test is indicated when pt | hears sound longer during bone conduction compared to air conduction |
Sensorineural loss with the Rinne test is indicted when pt | hears sound longer during air conduction but not as long as a pt with normal hearing |