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Chapter 23
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Private Goods | Goods that, when consumes by one individual, cannot be consumed by another. |
| Public Goods | Economic goods that are consumed collectively, such as highways and national defense. |
| Externality | The unintended side effect of an action that affects someone not involved in the action. |
| Monopoly | When the market creates a sole provider for a good or service. |
| Antitrust Law | Legislation to prevent new monopolies form forming and police those that already exist. |
| Merger | A combination of two or more companies to form a single business. |
| Natural Monopoly | A market situation in which the costs of production are minimized by having a single firm produce the product. |
| Recall | A special election in which citizens can vote to remove a public official from the office. |
| Real GDP | GDP after adjustments for inflation. |
| Business Cycle | Alternating periods of growth and decline that the economy goes through. |
| Civilian Labor Force | All civilians 16 years or older who are either working or are looking for work. |
| Unemployment Rate | The percentage of people in the civilian labor force who are not working but are looking for jobs. |
| Fiscal Policy | The federal governments use of spending and taxation policies to affect overall business activity. |
| Inflation | Sustained increase in the general level of prices. |
| Consumer Price Index | Measure of change in price over time of specific group of goods and services. |
| Food Stamps | Government coupons that can be used for purchase food. |
| Woman, Infants, and Children (WIC) | A program that provides help for nutrition and healthcare to low-income women, infants and children up to age 5. |
| Workfare | Programs that require welfare recipients to exchange some of their labor in return for benefits. |
| Progressive Income Tax | A tax that takes a larger percentage of higher incomes that lower incomes. |
| Earned Income Tax Credit | A program that give tax credit and even cash payments to qualified workers. |