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ch 4
whole body terminology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| smallest and most numerous structural unit | cells |
| study of cells | cytology |
| surrounds and protects the cell | cell membrane |
| control center of the cell | nucleous |
| material outside the nucleous | cytoplasm |
| prime source of energy for the cell | mitochondria |
| groups of cells form | tissues |
| groups of tissues form | organs |
| groups of organs form | systems |
| four types of tissue found in the body | epithial;connective;muscle;nervous |
| study of tissues | hystology |
| covers internal and external organs | epithealial tissue ; intestines |
| supports and connects tissues, organs and other body parts | connective tissue; cartilage |
| flex and contracts, includes smooth, skeletal and cardiac | muscle tissue |
| relays information throughout the body | nervous tissue |
| 12 body systems | muscular; endocrine; lymphatic; integumentary;nervous; skeletal; cardiac; reproductive; urinary; digestive; special senses |
| body erect, eyes forward and palms facing outward is referred to as | anatomical position |
| vertical plane that divides the body into anterior and posterior portions | frontal/coronal plane |
| horizontal cross section dividing the body into superior and inferior portions | transverse/horizontal plane |
| vertical pland that divides the body into left and right portions | midsaggital plane |
| cavity that contains lungs, heart, aorta, esophagus and trachea | thoracic cavity |
| cavity that contains liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, pancreas, intestines and kidneys | abdominal cavity |
| cavity that contains the urinary bladder and reproductive organs | pelvic cavity |
| cavity that contains the brain | cranial cavity |
| cavity that contains the nerves of the spinal cord | spinal cavity |
| the abdomen in divided into these | RUQ;LUQ;RLQ;LLQ |
| vertebrae of the neck | cervical; C1-C7 |
| vertebrae of the chest | thoracic; T1-T12 |
| vertebrae of the lower back | lumbar; L1-L5 |
| five bones fused together, found after the lumbar region | sacral |
| 4 bones fused together, also known as the tailbone | coccyx |
| toward the front of the body | anterior |
| the back of the body | posterior |
| towards the head | superior |
| towards the feet | inferior |
| midline of the body | medial |
| away from the midline of the body, on the side | lateral |
| close to the origin of the body part or near the point of attachment | proximal |
| farther from the origin of the body or away from the point of attachment | distal |
| pertaining to palm of the hand | palmar |
| pertaining to the sole of the foot | plantar |
| moving away from midline | abduction |
| moving toward midline | adduction |
| pertaining to the outer wall of the body | parietal |
| pertaining to the internal organs or viscera | visceral |
| turning a body part inward | inversion |
| turning a body part outward | eversion |
| lying flat on the back, legs straight, arms at side | supine |
| lying face down on the abdomen, legs straight, arms at side | prone |
| region of the abdomen located between the hypochondriac region in the upper section of the abdomen | epigastric region |
| region of the abdomen located in the center between the lumbar regions | umbilical region |
| region of the abdomen located in the lower portion of the abdomen between the inguinal regions | hypogastric region |
| towards the tail | caudal |
| pertaining to the head | cranial |
| palms of the hands turned inward or upwards | supination |
| palms of the hands turned downwards or inwards | pronation |
| found within the nucleus; controls the functions of the body | chromosomes |
| chromosomes are also known as | DNA |
| regions of the chromosomes responsible for hereidatary characteristics | genes |
| enzymes produced by this organelle destroy bacteria by digesting them | lysosomes |
| this organelle synthesizing protien | ribsomes |
| failure in development resulting in the absence of an organ | aplasia |
| any abnormal development of cells, tissues, or organs | dysplasia |
| increase cells of a body part; excessive formation | hyperplasia |
| incomplete development of an organ or tissue; decrease in cells | hypoplasia |
| new and abnormal development of cells; may be benign or malignant | neoplasia |
| number of abdominal regions | nine |
| region 1 | right hypochondriac |
| region 2 | epigastric |
| region 3 | left hypochondriac |
| region 4 | right lumbar |
| region 5 | umbilical |
| region 6 | left lumbar |
| region 7 | right inguinal/iliac |
| region 8 | hypogastric |
| region 9 | left inguinal/iliac |
| towards the surface of the body | superficial |
| towards the inside of the body | deep |
Created by:
clarevoyant1019
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