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Chapter 8
Female Reproductive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| ovaries | pair of almond-shaped organs located in the pelvic cavity |
| ovum | female egg cell |
| uterine, fallopian tubes | pair of tubes attached to the uterus that provides a passageway for the ovum to move from the ovary to the uterus |
| fimbria | finger-like projection at the free end of the uterine tube |
| uterus | pear-sized and pear-shaped muscular organ that lies in the pelvic cavity |
| endometrium | inner lining of the uterus |
| myometrium | muscular middle layer of the uterus |
| perimetrium | outer thin layer that covers the surface of the uterus |
| corpus, or body | large central portion of the uterus |
| fundus | rounded upper portion of the uterus |
| cervix (Cx) | narrow lower portion of the uterus |
| vagina | a 3-inch tube that connects the uterus to the outside of the body |
| hymen | fold of membrane found near the opening of the vagina |
| Bartholin glands | pair of mucus-producing glands located on each side of the vagina and just above the vaginal opening |
| mammary glands, breasts | pair of milk-producing glands of the female each breath consists of 15 to 20 divisions, or lobules |
| mammary papilla | breast nipple |
| areola | pigmented area around the breast nipple |
| vulva, external genitalia | two pairs of lips that surround the vagina |
| clitoris | highly erogenous erectile body located anterior to the urethra |
| perineum | pelvic floor in both the male and female, the area between the vaginal opening and the anus |
| arche/o | first, beginning |
| cervic/o | cervix |
| colp/o, vagin/o | vagina |
| culd/o | cul-de-sac |
| episi/o, vulv/o | vulva |
| gynec/o, gyn/o | woman |
| hymen/o | hymen |
| hyster/o, metr/o, metr/i | uterus |
| mamm/o, mast/o | breast |
| men/o | menstruation |
| oophor/o | ovary |
| perine/o | perineum |
| salping/o | uterine tube (fallopian tube) |
| peri- | surrounding (outer) |
| -atresia | absence of a normal body opening; occlusion; closure |
| -salpinx | uterine tube |
| colpitis, vaginitis | inflammation of the vagina |
| hematosalpinx | blood in the uterine tube |
| myometritis | inflammation of the uterine muscle |
| oophoritis | inflammation of the ovary |
| endometriosis | abnormal condition in which endometrial tissue grows outside of the uterus in various areas in the pelvic cavity |
| fibroid tumor | benign tumor of the uterine muscle, myoma of the uterus or leiomyoma |
| ovarian cancer | malignant tumor of the ovary |
| pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) | inflammation of some or all of the female pelvic organs |
| prolapsed uterus | downward displacement of the uterus into the vagina |
| toxic shock syndrome (TSS) | affects woman using tampons, severe illness |
| vesicovaginal fistula | abnormal opening between the bladder and the vagina |
| salpingo-oophorectomy | excision of a uterine tube and ovary |
| salpingostomy | creation of an artificial opening in a uterine tube |
| anterior and posterior colporrhaphy (A&P repair) | surgical repair of a weakened vaginal wall to correct a cystocele and a rectocele |
| dilation and curettage (D&C) | surgical procedure to widen the cervix and scrape the endometrium with an instrument called a curette |
| stereotactic breast biopsy | technique that combines mammography and computer-assisted biopsy to obtain tissue from a breast lesion |
| tubal ligation | closure of the uterine tubes for sterilization by tying |
| colposcopy | visual examination of the vagina |
| hysteroscopy | visual examination of the uterus |
| mastalgia | pain in the breast |
| dyspareunia | difficult of painful intercourse |
| menopause | cessation of menstruation, usually around ages 48-53 |
| speculum | instrument for opening a body cavity to allow visual inspection |
| PID | pelvic inflammatory disease |
| TSS | toxic shock syndrome |
| fibroid tumor | benign tumor of the uterine muscle |
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