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Muscles
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Contractility | the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force |
| excitability | the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus |
| extensibility | the ability to be stretched |
| elasticity | ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched |
| epimysium | connective tissue sheath surrounding the skeletal muscle |
| fascia | connective tissue located outside the epimysium |
| fibers | single muscle cells |
| myofibrils | cytoplasm of each fiber |
| actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
| myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
| motor neurons | nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers |
| 2 major protein fibers | actin myofilaments myosin myofilaments |
| occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
| orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
| buccinator | flattens the cheeks |
| zygomaticus | smiling muscles |
| levator labii superioris | sneering |
| depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| mastication | chewing |
| sternocleidomastoid | prime mover |
| intrinsic tongue muscles | shape of tongue |
| extrinsic tongue muscle | moves the tongue |
| orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids |
| fast twitch fibers | white meat (breast) |
| slow twitch fibers | dark meat (legs) |
| isotonic | equal tension |
| isometric | equal distance |
| origin | head |
| origin | most stationary end of the muscle |
| insertion | end of the muscle undergoing the greatest movement |
| belly | muscle between the origin and insertion |
| synergists | muscles that work together to accomplish specific movement |
| antagonists | muscles that work in opposition to one another |
| anaerobic | without oxygen |
| aerobic | with oxygen |
| muscle fatigue | when ATP is used during muscle contraction |
| oxygen debt | amount of oxygen needed in chemical reactions |
| all or none response | phenomenon |
| sliding filament mechanism | sliding of actin myofilaments past myosin myofilaments during contraction |
| external intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| diaphragm | accomplishes quiet breathing |
| linea alba | tendinous area of the abdominal muscle |
| trapezius | rotates scapula |
| serratus anterior | pulls scapula anteriorly |
| pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arms |
| latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm |
| deltoid | attaches the humerous to the scapula and clavicle, major abductor of the upper limb |
| triceps | extends the forearm, anterior |
| biceps | flexes the forearm, posterior |
| brachialis | flexes the forearm |
| brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| retinaculum | strong band of fibrous tissue that covers the flexor and extensor tendons |
| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
| gluteus maximus | butt |
| quadriceps | extends the leg; anterior |
| sartorius | tailors muscle; flexes the thigh |
| hamstring | posterior thigh muscles |
Created by:
haleighkuhn13
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