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ch. 6 muscles
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| occipitofrontalis | raises the eyebrows |
| orbicularis oculi | closes the eyelids |
| orbicularis oris | puckers the lips |
| buccinator | flattens the cheeks |
| zygomaticus | smiling muscle |
| levator labii superioris | sneering |
| depressor anguli oris | frowning |
| mastication | chewing |
| mastication muscles | temporalis and masseter |
| intrinsic tongue muscles | changes the shape of the tongue |
| extrinsic tongue muscles | moves the tongue |
| neck muscle | sternocleidomastoid |
| trunk muscles | erector spinae |
| erector spinae | group of muscles on each side of the back |
| thoracic muscles | muscles that move the thorax |
| external intercostals | elevate the ribs during inspiration |
| internal intercostals | contract during forced expiration |
| the tendinous area of the abdominal wall is called what? | linea alba |
| on each side of the linea alba is what muscle? | the rectus abdominis |
| what causes the abdominal wall of a well-muscled person to appear segmented? | tendinous inscriptions |
| trapezius | rotates scapula |
| serratus anterior | pulls scapula anterior |
| the arm is attached to the thorax by the? | pectoralis major & latissimus dorsi muscles |
| pectoralis major | adducts and flexes the arm |
| latissimus dorsi | medially rotates, adducts, and powerfully extends the arm |
| deltoid | attaches the humerus to the scapula and clavicle |
| triceps brachii | extends the forearm |
| biceps brachii | flexes the forearm |
| brachialis | flexes forearm |
| brachioradialis | flexes and supinates the forearm |
| flexor carpi | flexes the wrist |
| extensor carpi | extends the wrist |
| flexor digitorum | flexes the fingers |
| extensor digitorum | extends the fingers |
| intrinsic hand muscles | 19 hand muscles |
| gluteus maximus | buttocks |
| gluteus medius | hip muscle |
| quadriceps femoris | extends the leg; anterior thigh muscle |
| sartorius | "tailors muscle"; flexes the thigh |
| hamstring muscles | posterior thigh muscles;flexes the leg and extends the thigh |
| form the calf muscle | gastrocnemius and soleus |
| they join to form what tendon? | calcaneal tendon |
| calcaneal tendon or achilles tendon | flexes the foot and toes |
| the lateral muscles of the leg | peroneus |
| 20 muscles located within the foot | intrinsic foot muscles |
| four major functional characteristics of muscles | contractility, excitability, extensibility, elasticity |
| the ability of skeletal muscle to shorten with force | contractility |
| the capacity of skeletal muscle to respond to a stimulus | excitability |
| the ability to e stretched | extensibility |
| ability to recoil to their original resting length after they have been stretched | elasticity |
| each skeletal muscle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the? | epimysium |
| another connective tissue located outside the epimysium | fascia |
| each fiber is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath called the? | endomysium |
| actin myofilaments | thin myofilaments |
| myosin myofilaments | thick myofilaments |
| actin and myosin myofilaments form highly ordered units called | sarcomeres |
| each sarcomere extends from? | one Z line to another Z line |
| The charge difference across the membrane is called the? | resting membrane potential |
| the brief reversal back of the charge is called? | action potential |
| nerve cells that carry action potentials to skeletal muscle fibers | motor neurons |
| neuromuscular junction | synapse |
| the enlarged nerve terminal is called? | presynaptic terminal |
| each presynaptic terminal contains: | synaptic vesicles |
| synaptic vesicles secrete a neurotransmitter called? | acetylcholine |
| acetylcholine is broken down by | acetylcholinesterase |
| a contraction of an entire muscle in response to a stimulus that causes the action potential in one or more muscle fibers is a? | muscle twitch |
| where the muscle remains contracted without relaxing is called? | tetany |
| ATP can store anther high-energy molecule called? | creatine phosphate |
| anaerobic respiration | without oxygen |
| aerobic respiration | with oxygen |
| what results when ATP is used during muscle contraction faster than it can be produced? | muscle fatigue |
| length of the muscle does not change but the amount of tension increases | isometric |
| amount of tension produced by the muscle is constant during contraction but the length of the muscle changes | isotonic |
| fast-twitch fibers | contract quickly and fatigue quickly |
| slow-twitch fibers | contract more slowly and are more resistant to fatigue |
| origin | most stationary end of muscle |
| insertion | undergoes the greatest amount of movement |
| between origin and insertion | belly |
| muscles that work together to accomplish specific movements | synergists |
| muscles that work in opposition to one another | antagonists |
| plays the major role in accomplishing the desired movement | prime mover |
Created by:
kelseybug
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