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AP Gov Court Cases
Unit 5 Test
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Agostini v. Felton | public school teachers to instruct at religious schools, so long as the material did not have "excessive entanglement" between government and religion |
| Brown v. Board of Education | ruled that separate is unequal, schools were integrated (equal protection clause of 14th amendment) |
| Craig v. Boren | the first case in which a majority of the United States Supreme Court determined that statutory or administrative sex classifications had to be subjected to an intermediate standard of judicial review. |
| Dennis v. US | can not exercise free speech, publication and assembly, if that exercise was of a conspiracy to overthrow the government |
| District of Columbia v. Heller | Declares that the Second Amendment includes an individual right to have a gun. |
| Dred Scott v. Sandford | Ruled that slaves were private property and therefore not granted rights |
| Engel v. Vitale | Mandatory prayer in schools is a violation of the establishment clause |
| Gideon v. Wainwright | provide counsel in criminal cases for defendants unable to afford their own attorneys. |
| Gitlow v. New York | Gitlow could not publish Communist Manifesto Limits on Free Speech/Press? |
| Gonzalez v. Carhart | Upheld Partial Birth Abortion Ban Act of 2003. |
| Gregg v. Georgia | Death penalty is not "cruel and unusual punishment" in cases of murder |
| Grutter v. Bollinger | Allowed the use of race as a general factor in law school admissions at University of Michigan. |
| Hamdan v. Rumsfeld | military commissions set up by the Bush administration to try detainees at Guantanamo Bay were insufficient for ensuring fair trials. (Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions was violated) |
| Hernandez v. Texas | extended protection against discrimination to Hispanics. |
| Korematsu v. US | constitutional for the interment of more than 100,000 Americans of Japanese descent in encampments during World War II. |
| Lawrence v. Texas | a state law banning sodomy to be an unconstitutional intrusion on the right to privacy. |
| Lemon v. Kurtzman | 1971 Supreme Court decision that established that aid to church-related schools must (1) have a secular legislative purpose; (2) have a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion; and (3) not foster excessive government entanglement with r |
| Mapp v. Ohio | Incorporated the 4th Amendment protection against unreasonable search and seizure, as well as the exclusionary rule. |
| Miami Herdald Publishing Company v. Tornillo | overturned a Florida state law requiring newspapers to allow equal space in their newspapers to political candidates in the case of a political editorial or endorsement content |
| Miller v. California | ruling that determined the obscenity clause to related to works that lack literary, artistic, political or scientific value. |
| Miranda v. Arizona | Supreme Court decision that sets guidelines for police questioning of accused persons to protect them against self-incrimination and to protect their right to counsel. |
| Near v. Minnesota | Supreme Court decision holding that the first amendment protects newspapers from prior restraint. |
| New York Times v. Sullivan | cannot publish things that are untrue |
| Planned Parenthood v. Casey | states may regulate abortion as long as there is "no undue burden" on the mother; did not overturn Roe v. Wade but gave states more leeway in regulating abortion (parental consent for minors, 24 hour waiting period) |
| Plessy v. Ferguson | Facilities are separate but equal |
| Reed v. Reed | upheld a claim of gender discrimination. |
| Regents of the University of California v. Bakke | Banned the use of race-based quotas for college admissions but allowed race to be considered as a fairly weighed element in the selection process. |
| Roe v. wade | legalized abortion on the basis of a woman's right to privacy, established national abortion guidelines |
| Roth v. US | redefined the Constitutional test for determining what constitutes obscene material unprotected by the First Amendment. |
| Schenck v. US | Freedom of speech/press can be limited if danger is present. Reaction to Sedition/Espionage Acts |
| Zelman v. Simmons-Harris | Supreme Court decision that upheld a state providing families with vouchers could be used to pay for tuition at religious schools. |
Created by:
vivian.coronado
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