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Ch. 45
Microbiology
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| antimicrobial agent | any chemical substance that has the ability to kill or stop the growth of micro organisms |
| bacilli | rod-shaped bacteria |
| bacteria | one-celled microorganism that sometimes produce disease in humans |
| cocci | round or spherical bacteria that can arrange themselves in chains, clusters, or tetrads |
| contagious | easily spread from one person to another |
| culture | growth of microorganisms in a lab prepared medium |
| fungus | organism that is most commonly not pathogenic |
| incubation period | period of time it takes for a microbiological culture to grow and multiply before actual bacterial colonies are visible on the medium |
| infectious disease | any disease that may be directly or indirectly transmitted between individuals causing infection |
| microorganism | living organism too small to be seen by the naked eye |
| normal flora | organisms found in the body that do not cause disease and are sometimes beneficial |
| parasite | pathogen requiring another living organism in order to survive |
| pathogenic | causing disease |
| prion | proteinaceous infectious particle that can cause a spongiform encephalopathy |
| protozoa | unicellular, animal like microorganism |
| resistance | microorganism's ability to withstand the effects of an antimicrobial agent |
| smear | bacterial growth sample that is spread onto a microscope slide for staining purposes |
| susceptibility | degree to which a microorganism's growth can be inhibited by an antimicrobial agent |
| virus | pathogen that can grow and reproduce only after infecting a host cell |
| describe infection sources | other humans, animals, and sometimes the soil |
| how does the body respond to infection | it creates antibodies and white blood cells that together try to fit infection |
| direct transmission of pathogens | coming into contact with someone who already has the pathogen |
| indirect transmission of pathogens | sick person touches door -> you touch door -> you get sick |
| who is the "father of microbiology" | Anton Van Leeuwenhoek |
| which scientist was the first to practice aseptic surgery using phenol to kill bacteria on surgical instruments and in wounds | Joseph Lister |
| who is the gram stain named after | Hans Christian Gram |
| who discovered penicillin | Alexander Fleming |
| diplococci | streptococcus pneumonia |
| tetrads | micrococcus luteus |
| streptococci | strep throat and scarlet fever |
| staphylococci | staphylococcus aureus |
| spirilla | vibrio cholera (cause of cholera) |
| spirochetes | borrelia burgdorferi and treponema pallidum |
| example of yeast infections | Candida albicans (thrush and vulvovaginal infections) and Cryptococcus neoformans (meningitis) |
| example of molds | aspergillus niger (possible cause of lung and ear infection) |
Created by:
rewebb
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