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Ch. 43
Clinical chemistry and serological procedures
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| agglutination | type of antibody-antigen reaction in which a solid antigen clumps with a soluble antibody |
| analyte | measurable chemical substance |
| antibody | protein produced by B lymphocytes in response to the presence of an antigen |
| antigen | substance that when introduced into the body elicits an immune response |
| atherosclerosis | thickening and hardening of the walls of the arteries; also called arteriosclerosis |
| methodology | system of principles and procedures used in scientific testing |
| microsample | very small amount of a specimen |
| panel | group of blood tests that evaluates the function of a particular body system aka a profile |
| photometric reflectance | measurement of the amount of light reflected by a specimen |
| fasting blood glucose | tests pt blood sugar while fasting for 12 hours before testing. normal range is 70-110 |
| 2 hour postprandial glucose test | used to screen for diabetes, it measures the amount of glucose in the blood 2 hours after ingesting a meal. the normal range is less than 140 |
| glucose tolerance test | measures the body's ability to metabolize glucose using insulin in response to a glucose load, ideally the pt's bs should go return to normal fasting limits |
| what all is included in the lipid panel | total cholesterol, HDL, LDL, VLDL, triglycerides, TC to HDL ratio |
| what all is included in the renal panel | albumin, calcium, CO2, chloride, creatinine, glucose, phosphorous, potassium, sodium, and blood urea nitrogen |
| what all is included in the electrolyte panel | sodium, potassium, CO2, and chloride |
| what all is included in the metabolic panel | calcium, CO2, chloride, creatinine, glucose, potassium, sodium, and BUN |
| what all is included in the comprehensive metabolic panel | albumin, total bilirubin, calcium, bicarbonate, chloride, creatinine, glucose, alkaline phosphatase, potassium, total protein, sodium, BUN, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase |
| what all is included in the hepatic panel | ALT, AST, lactate dehydrogenase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, bilirubin, and alkaline phosphatase |
| what all is included in the thyroid panel | T3, T4, TSH, and thyroglobulin |
| what all is included in the cardiac panel | creatine kinase, CK-MB, and troponin |
| what is normal range for total cholesterol | <200 mg/dl |
| what is the normal range for HDL | 35-60 mg/dl |
| what is normal range for LDL | <130 mg/dl |
| what is the normal range for VLDL | 20-40 mg/dl |
| what is the normal range for triglycerides | 35-160 mg/dl |
| what is the normal range for FBS | 70-110 mg/dl |
| what is the normal range for A1C | 3.0% - 6.1% |
| purpose of renal panel | assesses kidney function |
| purpose of electrolyte panel | assesses acid base balance and possibly hydration status |
| purpose of basic metabolic panel | assesses electrolytes, glucose, and kidney function |
| purpose of comprehensive metabolic panel | assesses various body systems and organs |
| purpose of hepatic panel | assesses liver function |
| purpose of thyroid panel | assesses thyroid function |
| purpose of cardiac panel | aids in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction |
| diabetes mellitus | chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism in which there is and inadequate production or use of insulin symptoms include excessive thirst, excessive urination, sweet smelling breath, and dizziness |
| hypoglycemia | abnormal decrease in blood glucose levels. symptoms include light headedness, dizziness, fatigue, and fainting |
| hyperlipedemia | excessive amounts of fat in the blood, gives serum a milky appearance but asymptomatic |
| hyperthyroidism | increased T3 and T4 levels with a possibly normal, increased, or decreased TSH level, symptoms include palpitations, heat intolerance, nervousness, insomnia, fatigue, weight loss, and hair loss |
| hypothyroidism | decreased T3 and T4 levels and usually increased TSH levels, symptoms include fatigue, weakness, hair loss, dry skin, constipation, intolerance to cold, and irritability |
| what tests are used to diagnose syphilis | venereal disease research lab test(VDRL), rapid plasma reagin test (RPR), and microhemagglutination- Treponemapallidum (MHA-TP) to confirm |
Created by:
rewebb
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