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Chabner CH 13 vocab
Stack #213600
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| albumin | protein in blood |
| antibody | protein produced by lymphocytes in response to bacteria, viruses, or other antigens. |
| basophil | granulocytic white blood cells with granules that stain blue when exposed to basic dye |
| bilirubin | orange-yellow pigment in bile |
| coagulation | blood clotting |
| colony-stimulating factor (CSF) | protein that stimulates the growth and proliferation of white blood cells. |
| differentiation | change in structure and function of a cell as it matures |
| electrophoresis | method of separating serum proteins by electrical charge |
| eosinophil | granulocytic white blood cell with granules that stain red with the acidic dye eosin |
| erythrocyte | red blood cell |
| erythropoietin (EPO) | hormone secreted by the kidneys that stimulates formation of red blood cells |
| fibrin | protein threads that form the basis of a blood clot |
| fibrinogen | plasma protein that is converted to fibrin in the clotting process. |
| globulins | part of blood containing different plasma proteins. |
| granulocyte | white blood cell with numerous dark staining granules |
| heme | iron-containing nonprotein portion of the hemoglobin molecule |
| hemoglobin | blood protein containing iron |
| hemolysis | destruction or breakdown of blood |
| heparin | anticoagulant found in blood and tissue cells |
| immune reaction | response of the immune system to foreign invasion |
| immunoglobulin | protein with antibody activity |
| leukocyte | white blood cell |
| lymphocyte | mononuclear leukocyte that produces antibodies |
| macrophage | monocyte that migrates from the blood to tissue spaces |
| megakaryocyte | large platelet precursor cell found in the bone marrow |
| monocyte | large mononuclear phagocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow |
| mononuclear | pertaining to a cell with a single round nucleus |
| neutrophil | granulocytic leukocyte formed in bone marrow |
| plasma | liquid portion of blood |
| plasmapheresis | removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge |
| platelet | smallest blood cell |
| prothrombin | plasma protein |
| reticulocyte | immature erythrocyte with a network of stands that are seen after staining the cell with special dyes |
| Rh factor | antigen on red blood cells of Rh-positive individuals |
| serum | plasma minus clotting proteins and cells |
| stem cell | unspecialized cell that gives rise to mature, specialized forms |
| thrombin | enzyme that converts fibrinogen to fibrin during coagulation |
| thrombocyte | platelet |
| chrom/o | color |
| coagul/o | clotting |
| cyt/o | cell |
| eosin/o | red, dawn, rosy |
| erthr/o | red |
| granul/o | granules |
| hem/o | blood |
| hemat/o | blood |
| hemoglobin/o | hemoglobin |
| is/o | same, equal |
| kary/o | nucleus |
| leuk/o | white |
| mon/o | one, single |
| morph/o | shape, form |
| myel/o | bone marrow |
| neutr/o | neutral |
| nucle/o | nucleus |
| bas/o | base |
| phag/o | eat, swallow |
| poikil/o | varied, irregular |
| sider/o | iron |
| spher/o | globe, round |
| thromb/o | clot |
| -apheresis | removal, a carrying away |
| -blast | immature cell, embryonic |
| -cytosis | abnormal condition of cells |
| -emia | blood condition |
| -globin | protein |
| -globulin | protein |
| -lytic | pertaining to destruction |
| -oid | derived from |
| -osis | abnormal condition |
| -penia | deficiency |
| -phage | eat, swallow |
| -philia | attraction for |
| -phoresis | carrying, transmission |
| -phoiesis | formation |
| -stasis | stop, control |
| anemia | deficiency in erythrocytes or hemoglobin |
| aplastic anemia | failure of blood cell production due to aplasia of bone marrow cells |
| hemolytic anemia | reduction in red cells due to excessive destruction |
| pernicious anemia | lack of mature erythrocytes caused by inability to absorb vitamin B12 into the body |
| sickle cell anemia | a hereditary condition characterized by abnormal sickle shape of erythrocytes and by hemolysis |
| thalassemia | an inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin |
| hemochromatosis | excess iron deposits throughout the body |
| polycythemia vera | general increase in red blood cells |
| hemophilia | excessive bleeding caused by hereditary lack of one of the protein substances necesary for blood clotting |
| purpura | multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin |
| leukemia | increase in cancerous white blood cells |
| acute myelogenous leukemia | immature granulocytes perdominate |
| acute lymphocytic leukemia | immature lymphocytes predominate |
| chronic myelogenous leukemia | both mature and immature granulocytes are present in the marrow and bloodstream |
| chronic lymphocytic leukemia | abnormal numbers of relatively mature lymphocytes predominate in the marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen. |
| remission | disappearance of signs of disease |
| relapse | reapperance of leukemia cells in the blood and bone marrow |
| pancytopenia | stem cells fail to produce leukocytes, platelets, and erythrocytes |
| petechiae | tine purple or red flat spots appearing on the skin as a result of hemorrhages |
| ecchymoses | larger blue or purplish patches on the skin |
| autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura | condition in which a patient makes an antibody that destroys platelets |
| granulocytosis | abnormal increase in granulocytes in the blood |
| eosinophilia | increase in eosinophilic granulocytes |
| basophilia | increase in basophilic granulocytes seen in certain types of leukemia |
| mononucleosis | an infection disease marked by increased numbers of leukocutes and englarged cervical lymph nodes |
| multiple myeloma | malignant neoplasm of bone marrow |
| bence jones protein | immunoglobulin fragment found in urine |
| antiglobulin test | test for the presence of antibodies that coat and damage erythrocytes |
| bleeding time | time required for blood to stop flowing from a tine puncture wound |
| coagulation time | time required for venous blood to clot in a test tube |
| complete blood count (CBC) | determination of the number of red and white cells and platelets, hemoglobin level and hematocrit, and red cell indices |
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) | speed at which erythrocytes settle out of plasma |
| hematocrit (Hct) | percentage of erythrocytes in a volume of blood |
| hemoglobin test (H, Hg, HGB) | total amount of hemoglobin in a sample of peripheral blood |
| partial thromboplastin time (PTT) | measures the presence of plasma factors that act in a portion of the coagulation pathway |
| platelet count | number of platelets per cubic millimeter (mm3) or microliter of blood |
| prothrombin time (PT) | test the ability of blood to clot |
| red blood cell count (RBC) | number of erythrocytes per cubin millimeter or microliter of blood |
| red blood cell morphology | microscopic examination of a stained blood smear to determine the shape of individual red cells |
| white blood cell count (WBC) | number of leukocytes per cubic millimeter or microliter of blood |
| white blood cell differential | percentage of the total WBC made up by different types of leukocutes |
| apheresis | separation of blood into component parts and removal of a select part from the blood |
| blood transfusion | whole blood or cells are taken from a donor and infused into a patient |
| bone marrow biopsy | microscopic examination of a core of bone marrow removed with a needle |
| hematopoietic stem cell transplantation | peripheral stem cells from a compatible donor are administered into a recipients vein |
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