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MrH Civics Unit 1
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is a State of Nature? | A situation in which there is no government |
| Who was John Locke? | An important philosopher who developed theories of government that were later incorporated into U.S government. He believed that people have basic rights that are inalienable. |
| What is the Natural Rights Philosophy? | That everyone is born with inherent and inalienable rights that cannot be legitimately taken away. These include life, liberty and property |
| What is Civics? | The study of government and citizenship |
| What are some duties/responsibilities of being a United States citizen? | Staying informed, voting/participating in government, serving jury duty when called, paying taxes, reporting crime, and volunteering. |
| What are some rights that American citizens can enjoy? | Freedom of expression (speech, press, petition, and religion), right to a trial by jury, right to vote, right to own weapons, and right to own property, etc. |
| What as the New Jersey Plan? | Plan for new U.S national government that called for three branches of government and a unicameral legislature (law making body). Representation in the legislature was to be equal (all states have the same number of votes) |
| What was the Virginia Plan? | Plan for new U.S national government that called for three branches of government and a bicameral legislature (law making body). Representation in the legislature was to be based on population. (larger states receive more votes than smaller states) |
| What was the Great Compromise? | The Great Compromise had elements of both the New Jersey and Virginia Plan. It called for three branches of government and a bicameral legislature. One house of the legislature would have representation based on population, and the other was equal |
| Who is considered the "Father of the Constitution"? | James Madison |
| Who wrote the Declaration of Independence? | Although a group of 5 men were assigned the task, Thomas Jefferson was the primary author. |
| What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence? | It renounced Great Britain's authority to rule over the colonies, justified separation, and declared independence. |
| What was first national government of the United States? | The Articles of Confederation |
| What were the most significant weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation | 1) no power to collect taxes, no executive authority to enforce laws, no court system to interpret laws, and no power to regulate trade. |
| What is the Rule of Law concept? | Laws must be obeyed by all people and fairly enforced |
| What is a Social Contract? | People come together and give up some of their individual liberties in order to obtain security of liberties for everyone. |
| What is a citizen? | a legally recognized member of a country |
| What was a primary concern for Americans after winning the Revolutionary War? | They wanted to create a government that could make important decisions, but was weak enough that it could not take away people's natural rights. |
| What is Naturalization? | It is a process in which individuals who are not natural born citizens can become American citizens. The process includes an an application, background check, various tests, and several years of waiting usually |
| What is birthright citizenship? | Anyone born in the United States is automatically a U.S citizen |
| What are the two ways that people can become U.S citizens? | 1. By being born in the United States. 2. Through a process called naturalization |
| What was Shays Rebellion? | Under the Articles of Confederation the United States was suffering. Many farmers were losing their farms due to debt they could not pay. Daniel led a rebellion and closed the Courts in MA. The Federal government was unable to do anything about it. |
| Under the Articles of Confederation, the newly formed nation wanted most of the power to rest in state governments or the national government? | State governments, because the people believed state governments would better protect people's liberty. |
| Why was it difficult for the national government to make decisions under the Articles of Confederation? | because 9 out of 13 states were required to agree on any given decision. |
| What were the Federalists in favor of? | Ratifying the newly formed Constitution |
| How did the colonists experiences under the rule of Great Britain shape their view on government? | The colonists were concerned about creating a national government that was too powerful because it would result in loss of liberty. |
| What is a monarchy? | A system of government in which a single individual rules |
| What is a Oligarchy? | A system of government in which a small group of people rule |
| What is direct democracy? | A system of government in which the people themselves vote and make important decisions |
| What is representative democracy? | A system of government in which the people elect representatives who then make decisions and rule for them |
| What was the Constitutional Convention of 1787? | An assembly of representatives from the various states met to revise the Articles of Confederation. They instead scrap the A. of. C and write the Constitution |
| What is the most basic purpose of government? What are some other purposes of government? | To protect peoples natural/human rights. Other purposes include providing protection or law and order, providing services, and providing a means by which people can cooperate and work together |
| What is the significance of the Magna Carta? | government document that introduced idea of limited government |
Created by:
chris22h
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