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Phonation
WVSOM -- Biomechanics of Phonation + swallowing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 9 cartilages of the larynx? | thyroid, cricoid, epiglottic, arytenoids (2), corniculates (2), and cuneiform (2) |
| What are the vertebral levels of the larynx? | C3-6 |
| What is the function of the larynx? | phonation and guarding the airway |
| What does the lateral cricoarytenoid m do? | adducts the vocal folds |
| What does the arytenoid mm do? | adducts the arytenoid cartilege |
| What dos the posterior cricoarytenoid do? | abducts the vocal folds, allows for whispering and breathing |
| What muscles act as the sphincter of the phayrnx? | combination of teh lateral cricoarytenoid, arytenoids and the aryepiglottic mm to pull arytenoid cartilages toward the epicglottis |
| When are the sphnicter muscles important? | swallowing |
| what is the function of the cricothyroid mm? | tilts the thyroid anteriorly to raise the pitch of the voice. Increases the length of and tightens teh vocal fold |
| What innervates the cricothyroid mm? | external layrengeal n. |
| What is the function of the thyroarytenoid mm? | lowers pitch but shortening and relaxing teh vocal folds by pulling the arytenoids anteriorly |
| What is the function of the vocalis? | selectively tense and relaxes parts of the vocal ligaments |
| What nerve innervates all of the intrinsic muscles of teh pharynx except the cricothyroid mm.? | inferior laryngeal n. |
| What are the two branches of the inferior laryngeal n? | internal and external laryngeal n |
| What does the internal laryngeal n innervate? | sensory to the vestibule and middle cavity |
| What artery does the internal laryngeal n travel with? | superior laryngeal a. |
| What does the external laryngeal n innervate? | motor to crico thyroid and contributes to teh pharyngeal plexus |
| What artery does the external laryngeal n travel with? | superior thyroid a. |
| What does the inferior layrngeal n innervate? | sensory to infraglottic cavity |
| What artery does the inferior laryngeal n. travel with? | inferior laryngeal a. |
| What are the two branches of teh inferior laryngeal n? | posterior and anterior brnaches |
| What does the anterior branch of the inferior pharyngeal n. innervate? | motor to all intrinsic muscles except cricoarytenoid and arytenoid |
| What does teh posterior branch of the inferior pharyngeal n. innervate? | cricoarytenoid adn arytenoid |
| Where does the superior laryngeal a. travel? | dives thru thyrohyoid membrane to larynx |
| What is the inferior laryngeal artery a branch of? | inferior thyroid a. |
| How do the veins of the larynx travel? | accompany arteries |
| Where does the superior laryngeal v. drain? | into sup. thyroid v. and then into inf. vena cava |
| What does the inferior laryngeal v drain into? | inferior thyroid and then into left brachiocephallic v. |
| What are teh lymphatics to the larynx superior to the vocal folds? | superior deep cervcial lymph nodes |
| What are the lymphatics inferior to teh vocal folds? | pretracheal and paratracheal lymph nodes to inferior deep cervical lymph nodes |
| What are the 6 steps to swallowing? | move food with tongue, seal off nasal cavity, elevate adn enlarge pharynx, elevate hyoid and larynx, propel food, depress hyoid and layrnx, and relax UES |
Created by:
tjamrose
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