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Muscles - Pelvis
Muscles of the Pelvis and Pectoral Girdle
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| male bulbospongiosus | origin: base of penis; fibers cross over urethra |
| male bulbospongiosus | insertion: midline and central tendon of perineum |
| male bulbospongiosus | action: compresses base and stiffens penis; ejects urine or semen |
| female bulbospongiosus | origin: base of clitoris; fibers run on either side of urethral and vaginal openings |
| female bulbospongiosus | insertion: central tendon of perineum |
| female bulbospongiosus | action: compresses and stiffens clitoris; narrows vaginal opening |
| ischiocavernosus | origin: inferior medial surface of ischium |
| ischiocavernosus | insertion: central tendon of perineum |
| ischiocavernosus | action: compresses and stiffens penis or clitoris |
| external urethral sphincter | origin: inferior medial surfaces of ischium and pubis |
| male external urethral sphincter | insertion: midline at base of penis; inner fibers encircle urethra |
| male external urethral sphincter | action: closes urethra, compresses prostate and bulbourethral glands |
| female external urethral sphincter | insertion: midline; inner fibers encircle urethra |
| female external urethral sphincter | action: closes urethra, compresses vagina and greater vestibular glands |
| external anal sphincter | origin: by tendon from coccyx |
| external anal sphincter | insertion: encircles anal opening |
| external anal sphincter | action: closes anal opening |
| levator ani | origin: ischial spine, pubis |
| levator ani | insertion: coccyx |
| levator ani | action: tenses floor of pelvis, supports pelvic organs, flexes coccyx, elevates and retracts anus |
| levator scapulae | origin: transverse processes of first 4 cervical vertebrae |
| levator scapulae | insertion: vertebral border of scapula |
| levator scapulae | action: elevates scapula |
| pectoralis minor | origin: anterior surfaces of ribs 3-5 |
| pectoralis minor | insertion: coracoid process of scapula |
| pectoralis minor | action: depresses and abducts shoulder; rotates scapula laterally; elevates ribs if scapula is stationary |
| rhomboid muscles | origin: spinous processes of lower cervical and upper thoracic vertebrae |
| rhomboid muscles | insertion: vertebral border of scapula |
| rhomboid muscles | action: adducts and rotates scapula laterally |
| serratus anterior | origin: anterior and superior margins of ribs 1-9 |
| serratus anterior | insertion: anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula |
| serratus anterior | action: protracts shoulder, abducts and medially rotates scapula |
| trapezius | origin: occipital bone and spinous processes of thoracic vertebrae |
| trapezius | insertion: clavicle and scapula |
| trapezius | action: depends on active region and state of other muscles; may elevate, adduct, depress, or rotate scapula, and/or elevate clavicle; can also extend or hyperextend neck |
Created by:
lizzy.spangler
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