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NervousSystem Review
Purple Module - Nervous System Review Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Epilepsy | A disorder characterized by seizures |
| Coma | Abnormal, deep unconsciousness |
| Microcephaly | Abnormally small head |
| Anorexia Nervosa | All-consuming desire to remain thin |
| Bulimia Nervosa | Binging and purging |
| Concussion | Brain injury causing transient loss of conciousness |
| Ventricle | Cavity of an organ |
| Trephination | Circular opening made in the skull to relieve ICP |
| Somatic Nervous System (SNS) | Coveys impulses for voluntary functions. |
| Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) | Conveys impulses to glands, smooth muscles and cardiac muscles |
| Hypnotic | Depresses CNS functions to induce sleep |
| Multiple Sclerosis | Disease of the myelin sheath |
| Myelopathy | Disease of the spinal cord |
| Cerebrum | Functions include sensory perception and interpretation, muscular movement and emotional aspects of behavior and memory. |
| Agnosia | Inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactory, and other sensations |
| Catatonic | Inability to move or talk |
| Aphasia | Inability to speak |
| Cranitomy | Incision into the skull |
| Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) | Includes all nervous tissue of the body found outside the CNS |
| Encephalitis | Inflammation of the brain |
| Pia Mater | Innermost membrane of the brain and spinal cord |
| Tremor | Involuntary tremble or shake |
| Tic | Involuntary, spasmodic muscular contractions |
| Ataxia | Lack of muscle coordination |
| Lethargy | Lack of response; sluggishness |
| Psychosis | Major emotional disorder |
| Nerve Conduction Velocity | Measures the speed impulses travel through a nerve |
| Arachnoid Membrane | Middle layer covering the brain and spinal cord |
| Efferent | Travelling away from a central structure |
| Afferent | Travelling toward a central structure. |
| Lumbar Puncture | Needle puncture of the lower spinal cavity. |
| Central Nervous System | Network of nervous tissue found in the brain and spinal cord. |
| Neurosis | Nonpsychotic mental illness |
| Idiopathic | Occurring without a known cause |
| Dura Mater | Outermost layer covering the brain and spinal cord |
| Myelalgia | Pain in the spinal cord |
| Herpes Zoster | Painful, acute infectious disease; aka shingles |
| Dystrophy | Poor development |
| Aura | Premonitory awareness of an approaching physical or mental disorder |
| Anaesthetics | Produce a loss of sensation |
| Anxiety | Psychological "worry" disorder |
| Electroencephalogram | Records electrical activity of brain patterns |
| Cerebellum | Refines muscular movement; aids in equilibrium |
| Analgesics | Relieve pain |
| Convulsion | Sudden and violent contraction of the muscles |
| Neuron | The functional cell of the nervous system |
| Meninges | Three membranes that cover and protect the brain and spinal cord. |
| Neurotransmitters | Transmit impulses across synapses |
| Myelin | White fat-like sheath |
| Asthenia | Weakness or debility |
| The three major structures of neurons | 1. Cell Body 2. Dendrites 3. Axon |
| The section of the cerebrum that can only be seen on dissection | The Insula |
| The four major structures of the brain | 1.Cerebrum 2.Cerebellum 3.Diencephalon 4.Brainstem |
| The four major types of neuroglia | 1.Astrocytes 2.Oligodendrocytes 3.Microglia 4.Ependyma |
| The function of the hypothalamus | Regulates activities of the ANS, such as heart rate, body temperature, and fluid balance. |
| The two types of nerve cells found in the nervous system | 1.Neurons 2.Neuroglia |
| The three types of neurosis | 1.Phobias 2.Hysterias 3.OCD |
| The CNS consists of | The brain and the spinal cord |
| Alzheimers disease | A progressive neurological disorder of unknown etiology, characterized by memory loss, impaired judgement, and orientation. |
| CSF | Cerebrospinal Fluid |
| Cerebrospinal Fluid | colourless, shock absorbing liquid, absorbed as rapidly as it is made, maintains constant volume |
| Parkinson disease | Progressive neurological disorder affecting the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement. Caused by lack of dopamine. |
| The brainstem is composed of | 1.Midbrain (mesencephalon) 2.Medulla Oblongata 3.Pons |
| Pons | The "bridge" from the midbrain to the medulla |
| Thalamus | Receives all sensory stimuli except olfactory, transmits them to the cerebral cortex. |
| AD | Alzheimer's disease |
| ADHD | attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder |
| ALS | amyotrophic lateral sclerosis |
| ANS | autonomic nervous system |
| ASAP | as soon as possible |
| BEAM | brain electrical activity mapping |
| C1 | first cranial vertebrae |
| CNS | central nervous system |
| CP | cerebral palsy |
| CSF | cerebrospinal fluid |
| CTA | computed tomography angiogram |
| CVA | cerebrovascular accident |
| EEG | electroencephalography |
| EMG | electromyography |
| ICP | intracranial pressure |
| L3 | 3rd lumbar vertebra |
| LOC | loss of consciousness |
| LP | lumbar puncture |
| MEG | magentoencephalogram |
| MRA | magnetic resonance angiogram |
| MRI | magnetic resonance imaging |
| MS | multiple sclerosis |
| MSI | magnetic source imaging |
| NCV | nerve conduction velocity |
| OCD | obsessive compulsive disorder |
| PET | positron emission tomography |
| PNS | parasympathetic nervous system |
| SRS | stereotactic radiosurgery |
| SNS | somatic nervous system |
| STAT | immediately |
| T12 | 12th thoracic vertebra |
| TIA | transient ischemic attack |
| US | ultrasonography |
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Cellyvision
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