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GOV Topic 2 Voc Pt2
GOV Topic 2 Vocabulary 2,3,4(Lesson 2 #9-14)PEARSON 2016
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| George Washington | Delegate from Virginia at the First Continental Congress |
| Roger Sherman | Delegate from Connecticut at the First Continental Congress |
| John Locke | Enlightenment thinker whose ideas of natural rights and the Social Contract Theory inspired Thomas Jefferson in much of his writing in the Declaration |
| James Wilson | Delegate from Pennsylvania at the First Continental Congress |
| confederation | a joining of several groups for a common purpose |
| delegates | representatives; members of Congress who cast votes based on the wishes of their constituents |
| Articles of Confederation | plan of government adopted by the Continental Congress after the American Revolution; established “a firm league of friendship” among the State, but allowed few important powers to the central government |
| ratification | formal approval, final consent to the effectiveness of a constitution, constitutional amendment, or treaty |
| full faith and credit | Constitution’s requirement that each State accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other State |
| Shays' Rebellion | The most spectacular acts of violence contributed to the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation that broke out played out here in western Massachusetts in a series of incidents in the 1780s |
| Daniel Shays | had served as an officer in the War for Independence, led an armed uprising that forced several State judges to close their courts |
| Alexander Hamilton | a delegate from New York, together with James Madison, persuaded the States to meet for the purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation |
| James Madison | a delegate from Virginia, together with Alexander Hamilton, persuaded the States to meet for the purpose of revising the Articles of Confederation |
| framers | group of delegates who drafted the United States Constitution at the Philadelphia Convention in 1787 |
| Virginia Plan | plan presented by delegates from _______ at the Constitution Convention; called for a three-branch government with a bicameral legislature |
| New Jersey Plan | plan presented as an alternative to the Virginia Plan at the Constitutional Convention; called for a unicameral legislature in which each State would be equally represented |
| Three-Fifths Compromise | an agreement at the Constitutional Convention to count a slave as three-fifths of a person when determining the population of a State |
| Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise | an agreement during the Constitutional Convention protecting slave holders; denied Congress the power to tax the export of goods from any State, and for 20 years, the power to act on the slave trade |
| Federalists | those person who supported the ratifications of the Constitution in 1787-1788 |
| Anti-Federalists | those persons who opposed the ratification of the Constitution in 1787-1788 |
| quorum | least number of members who must be present for a legislative body to conduct business; majority |
| veto | chief executive’s power to reject a bill passed by a legislature; literally “I forbid” |
| George Mason | a planter from Virginia who authored Virginia’s Declaration of Rights; he was concerned with the absence of a declaration of rights in the U.S. Constitution and opposed it because he believed it did not give enough attention to citizens’ rights |
| Charles de Montesquieu | Great thinker of the Enlightenment; believed in the separation of powers |
| Jean Jacques Rousseau | French philosopher of the Enlightenment; Social Contract Theory |
| William Blackstone | Great thinker of the Enlightenment; believed strongly in “common law” |
| Connecticut Compromise | agreement during the Constitutional Convention that congress should be composed of a Senate, in which States would be represented equally, and a House, in which representation would be based on a State’s population |
| Thomas Jefferson | joined the Virginia delegation in June of 1775; the Declaration of Independence was very largely the work of this colonist |
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cwarsing
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