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Chemoreceptors

Peripheral and central chemoreceptors

DefinitionTerm
Located beneath ventral surface of medulla near the exit of cranial nerves IX and X Central chemoreceptors
Anatomically separate from the medullary respiratory centre Central chemoreceptors
Most important sensor in minute-minute control of ventilation Central chemoreceptors
Are responsible for around 80% of changes to respiration Central chemoreceptors
Respond to [H+] in the CSF Central chemoreceptors
Protected by the blood-brain barrier Central chemoreceptors
Carbon dioxide is converted into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate by carbonic anhydrase in the CSF Central chemoreceptors
Take time to respond to changes in PCO2 Central chemoreceptors
Located in the carotid bodies at the bifurcation of the common carotid arteries and within the aortic bodies Peripheral chemoreceptors
In humans the carotid bodies are the most important Peripheral chemoreceptors
Respond to decreases in arterial PO2, pH and PCO2 Peripheral chemoreceptors
Probably important in responding to abrupt changes in PCO2 Peripheral chemoreceptors
In the absence of these receptors a subject will lose the ventilatory response to hypoxia Peripheral chemoreceptors
These are the only chemoreceptors that are sensitive to PO2 Peripheral chemoreceptors
High blood flow for their size, and small arterial-venous O2 difference in spite of having a high metabolic rate Peripheral chemoreceptors
Which nerve takes information from the carotid bodies to the medulla? Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX)
Which nerve takes information from the aortic bodies to the medulla? Vagus nerve (CN X)
Created by: sallyelphick
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