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Organic Molecules
Organic Molecule | Composed of what atoms? | Building Blocks (monomers | types & functions of monomers | types & functions of polymers | Other |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carbohydrates (sugars) | C, H, 0 | Monosaccharides or hexoses | glucose, fructose, galactose: energy | Polysaccharides: Starch (plant); Glycogen (animal); energy storage. | (blank) |
Lipids (Fats) | C, H, O | Triglycerides: glycerol and 3 fatty acids | TG = energy; Phospholipid = cell membrane component; Steroid = cell membrane component and chemical messenger (i.e. cholesterol) | (blank) | Saturated (only single bonds between C’s in fat chain) vs. Unsaturated (at least 1 double bond in fa chain) |
Proteins | C, H, O, N, S | amino acids | 20 different amino acids | proteins (>100 amino acids); | (blank) |
Nucleic acids | C, H, O, N, P | nucleotides: pentose sugar, phosphate, nitrogen base | (blank) | DNA = deoxyribo-nucleic acid; genetic material; | DNA controls cellular activity by instructing our cells what proteins to make (i.e. Enzymes). |