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Muscular System
practical test for muscular system
| Term | Origin | Insertion | Action |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sartorius (thigh) | anterior superior iliac spine | medial aspect of proximal tibia | flexes and laterally rotates the thigh, flexes the knee |
| Gracilis (thigh) | inferior ramus of pubis | medial surface of tibia just inferior to tibial head | adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg, especially during walking |
| Rectus femoris (thigh: quadriceps femoris) | anterior inferior iliac spine and superior acetabulum | patella and tibial tuberosity | flexes the hip and extends the knee |
| Vastus lateralis (thigh: quadriceps femoris) | greater trochanter | patella and tibial tuberosity | extends the knee |
| Vastus medialis (thigh: quadriceps femoris) | linea aspera | patella and tibial tuberosity | extends the knee |
| Vastus intermedius (thigh: quadriceps femoris) | anterior and lateral surfaces of femus | patella and tibial tuberosity | extends the knee |
| Biceps femoris (thigh: hamstring) | ischial tuberosity | Head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia | extends thigh at hip, flexes the knee |
| Semitendinosus (thigh: hamstring) | ischial tuberosity | medial aspect of upper tibial shaft | extends thigh at hip, flexes the knee |
| Semimembranosus (thigh: hamstring) | ischial tuberosity | medial condyle of tibia | extends thigh at hip, flexes the knee |
| Tibialis anterior (leg) | lateral condyle and upper 2/3 of tibia | 1st cuneiform and 1st metatarsal bone | dorsiflexion, inversion, and supports medial longitudinal arch |
| Extensor digitorum longus (leg) | lateral condyle of tibia, proximal 3/4 of fibula, interosseous membrane | 2nd and 3rd phalanges of toes 2-5 | dorsiflexes and everts the foot, primer mover of toe extension |
| Peroneus longus (leg) | head and upper position of fibula | by long tendon that curves under foot to 1st metatarsal | plantar flexes and everts foot, helps keep foot flat on ground |
| Flexor digitorum longus (leg) | posterior tibia | tendon runs behind medial malleolus and splits into 4 to insert into distal phalanges of toes 2-5 | plantar flexes and inverts the foot, flexes toes, helps foot "grip" ground |
| Gastrocnemius (triceps surae) | medial and lateral condyles of the femur | calcaneous via Achilles tendon | plantar flexion |
| Soleus (triceps surae) | superior tibia, fibula, and interosseous membrane | calcaneous via Achilles tendon | plantar flexion |
| Gluteus maximus (gluteal region) | ilium, dorsal sacrum, and coccyx | gluteal tuberosity | extension, used when thigh is flexed and force is necessary |
| Gluteus medius (gluteal region) | upper lateral surface of ilium | lateral aspect of greater trochanter | abduction and medial rotation, important for steadying pelvis during walking |
Created by:
mchuan
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