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Science Final
Science Final!!!!!$
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the steps of the Scientific Method? | 1. State the problem. 2. Make observations. 3. Make an Inference. 4. Form Hypothesis 5. Design Experiment. 6. Conduct Experiment. 7. Record data in data table 8. Analyze data 9. Draw conclusion 10. Repeat or Share results |
| What is the difference between independent and dependent variables? | The difference is that independent variables can stand alone and the dependent variable needs help from the independent variable. |
| What is a hypothesis? | The hypothesis is an educated guess for what you think will happen in the experiment. |
| What is a controlled experiment? | The controlled experiment is the controlled/unchanged part of the experiment. |
| Review the common SI units of measurement in the table 1 pg. 25 (what are they) | Meter(m), cubic meter(m3), kilogram(kg), Kelvin(K) Celsius(C) |
| What is density? What is the formula for density? | Density is the degree of compactness of a substance. The formula is Mass/Volume |
| Answer CRCT prep pg. 32-33. | 1.) A. 2.) A. 3.) D. 4.) D. 5) A 6.) B 7.) C 8.) C. 9.) C 10.) |
| What is matter? | Matter is a physical substance in general, as distinct from mind and spirit; (in physics) that which occupies space and possesses rest mass, especially as distinct from energy. |
| What is volume and how is it measured differently in solids and liquids? | Volume is the amount of space that a substance or object occupies, or that is enclosed within a container, especially when great. In solids its measured in cubic meters and liquids are measured in liters. |
| What is the different between matter and mass? | Mass is determined only by the amount of matter contained in an object. Any two masses exert a mutual attractive force on each other. |
| What is the difference between mass and weight? | Mass is the amount of matter in an object and weight is the measurement of the gravitational pull on an object. |
| What is Inertia? | Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist it being moved. |
| What is a physical property of matter? Give examples. | A physical property of matter is a characteristic of a substance that does not involve a chemical change. Ex: State, Density, Solubility, etc. |
| How can you tell which liquid has the greatest density? | It depends on how high or low it is on the layers in a graduated cylinder. |
| How is water useful when telling the density of a solid object? What is the density of water? | When you put a solid in the mater the water goes up in the cylinder.0.58 oz/in³ (1 g/cm³). |
| What is a physical change? Give examples. | A physical change is a change that effects one or more physical properties of a object. Ex: Ice cream melting, crushing a soda can. |
| What are chemical properties? Give examples. | Chemical properties describe matter based on its ability to change into new matter that has different properties. For example, when wood is burned, ash and smoke are created |
| What are characteristic properties? Give examples. | The properties that are most useful in identifying a substance are characteristic properties. Characteristic properties can be physical properties, such as density and solubility, as well as chemical properties, such as flammability and reactivity. |
| What happens during a chemical change? What are some signs of a chemical change? What is a precipitate? | The heat of the oven and the interaction of the ingredients cause a chemical change. Other signs that indicate a chemical change include a change in color or odor, production of heat, fizzing and foaming, and sound or light being.cause (a substance) to |
| Is changing state a physical change or chemical change. | Chemical change |
| What are the three main states of matter? What is plasma | Solids, liquids, and gases. Plasma is the fourth state. |
| How are the particles of matter arranged and move in the 4 states of matter? | In solids their tightly packed together, in liquids they are more spread apart and slide past each other, in gases |
| What is the melting/freezing point of water? | Melting point: 37 C Freezing point:32 F |
| What is the difference between boiling and evaporation? | Boiling is when the pressure is inside the bubble while in evaporation is at the surface of a liquid. |
| What is condensation? | Condensation is the change of state from a gas to a liquid. |
| What is sublimation? | Sublimation is the change of state in which a solid changes directly into a gas. |
| What is the difference between a change in temperature and a change in state. | In a change in temperature the speed of the particles change but in a change in state the whole object has changed. |
| When looking at a phase change graph, how do you know when a change of state is happening? | Because the temperature bar will increase. |
| What is an element? | An element is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical or chemical means. |
| What are three characteristics of metals, non-metals, and medallions. | Metals are shiny, and they conduct heat energy and electric current. Nonmetals do not conduct heat or electric current, and solid nonmetals are dull in appearance. Metalloids, which have properties of both metals and nonmetal. |
| What is a compound and how is it similar/different than elements? | A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined. Elements are by reactions and compounds are when molecules join together. |
| Why are compounds and elements are considered pure substances? | Because they are both one single substance. |
| Be familiar with common compounds | 1.Table Salt: Sodium and Chloride 2. Water: Hydrogen and Oxygen. 3. Vinegar: Hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen. 4. Carbon Dioxide: Carbon, and oxygen. 5. Baking Soda: Sodium, Hydrogen, Carbon, and oxygen. |
| How are compounds broken down into simpler substances | By chemical changes. |
| What is a solution? How can mixtures be separated? | .a liquid mixture in which the minor component (the solute) is uniformly distributed within the major component (the solvent). You can separate them by chemical and physical methods. |
| How is kinetic and potential energy related to mechanical energy? | They both use work force. |
| Describe what thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Sound, light and Nuclear energy are? | They are all different forms of energy. |
| What is an energy conversion? | An energy conversion is a change from one form of energy to another. |
| What is elastic potential energy? | Elastic potential energy is the energy that is keep in a certain position. Ex: the wound up of a rubber band. |
| Why are energy conversions important? | Energy conversions are needed for everything we do. Heat-ing our homes, getting energy from a meal, and many other things use energy conversions. |
| Anytime energy is converted from one form to another, some energy is always converted into what. | Thermal Energy. |
| What is the law of conservation of energy state? | The law of conservation is the law that stars that energy can't be created or ?destroyed |
| What are renewable and non-renewable resources? | A renewable resource is a resource that you don't run out of like wind power. Non-renewable resources is a resource that you don't have much of or take a long time to make like fossil fuels. |
| What is temperature? | Scientifically, temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object. |
| What is thermal expansion and what causes it. | an increase in the size of a substance in response to an increase in the temperature of the substance |
| What is the scientific definition of heat. | Heat is the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures. |
| What is the difference between heat and thermal energy. | Thermal energy is when it is hot or cold but heat is when it is specifically "hot". |
| What is the difference between conduction and radiation. | Conduction is the transfer energy from one substance to another while radiation is the transfer of electromagnetic waves. |
| What are thermal conductors and insulators? | Conductors: Curling Iron, Cookie sheet, Iron skillet, copper pipe, etc. Insulators: Flannel shirt, mitten, plastic spatula, etc. |
| How is heat and thermal energy related to chemical changes? |
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