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Nervous System Ch 14
Nervous system functions - Seeley Ch 14
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Receptors that respond to extreme mechanical, chemical, or thermal stimuli. Pain | Nociceptors |
| respond to changes in temperature | Thermoreceptors |
| chemicals become attached to receptors on their membranes. Smell and taste | Chemoreceptors |
| compression, bending, stretching of cells. Touch, pressure, proprioception, hearing, and balance | Mechanoreceptors |
| Receptors associated with organs | Visceroreceptors |
| Receptors that respond to pain, itch, tickle, temperature, joint movement and proprioception | Free nerve endings |
| Receptors that respond to light touch and superficial pressure | Merkel disk |
| Receptors that respond to light touch, very slight bending of hairs | Hair follicle receptors |
| Receptors that respond to deep cutaneous pressure, vibration and propriception. | Pacinian Corpuscle |
| Two Point Discrimination. | Meissner Corpuscle |
| Receptors that respond to continuous touch or pressure, depression or stretch of skin | Ruffini end organ |
| Detection of muscle stretch, important for muscle tone | Muscle spindle |
| Detection of tendon stretch | Golgi tendon organ |
| decreased sensitivity to a continued stimulus | Accomodation |
| provide information about the precise position and the rate of movement of various body parts | Proprioceptors |
| sensation of pain in one region of body that is not source of stimulus | Referred Pain |
| System of motor nerve tracts that maintains muscle tone, controls speed and precision of skilled movements | Pyramidal System (Direct Pathways) |
| System of motor nerve tracts that is involved with less precise movements and the initiation or change or movements (Parkinson's Disease) | Extrapyramidal System (Indirect Pathways) |
| sensory speech- understanding what is heard and thinking of what one will say | Wernicke's area |
| motor speech- sending messages to the appropriate muscles to actually make the sounds | Broca's area |
| absent or defective speech or language comprehension. Caused by lesion somewhere in the auditory/speech pathway | Aphasia |
| controls muscular activity in and receives sensory information from LEFT side of body | Right Cerebral Cortex |
| Right: controls muscular activity in and receives sensory information from RIGHT side of body | Left Cerebral Cortex |
| Sensory information of both hemispheres shared through commissures | corpus callosum |
| very short-term retention of sensory input | Sensory Memory |
| information retained for few seconds to minutes | Short-term memory |
| explicit or declarative memory, retention of facts, accessed by the hippocampus and amygdala | Long-term memory |
| memory associated with development of skills such as riding a bicycle, playing an instrument | Implicit memory |
| series of neurons and their pattern of activity. Involved in long-term retention of information, a thought, or an idea. | Memory Engram (memory trace) |
| System involved with emotions, mood and behavior as well as basic survival instincts | Limbic Sytem |
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