Question 1

1.) Federal Courts

Accepted Answer

Two courts: 
1.) Constitutional Courts (AKA regular, Article III) - judicial power of the United States
2.) Special Courts (AKA legislative) - made by Congress to deal with cases involving powers given Congress, has less cases than Constitutional

Question 2

2.) Original Jurisdiction

Accepted Answer

First court to handle a case has this. District courts can only have this.

Question 3

3.) Indictment

Accepted Answer

Being officially charged with a crime

Question 4

4.) Opinion of the Court

Accepted Answer

"Majority opinion" - foundation for decision within a case

Question 5

5.) Due Process

Accepted Answer

Using fair judgment in a case to conclude the decision (without bias, under established rules)

Question 6

6.) Freedom of Assembly

Accepted Answer

Ability to hold public or private meetings without interference of government

Question 7

7.) Sedition

Accepted Answer

Crime of attempting to overthrow government (through force)

Question 8

8.) Bill of Rights

Accepted Answer

First 10 Amendments of the Constitution reserving certain freedoms for "the people"

Question 9

9.) Shield Laws

Accepted Answer

Law that gives reporters the ability to withhold information or sources from legal proceedings

Question 10

10.) Public Opinion

Accepted Answer

Compilation of the political views of "the people"

Question 11

11.) U.S. President

Accepted Answer

Person with ultimate political power

Question 12

12.) Double Jeopardy

Accepted Answer

Law that states that one person cannot be tried for the same crime twice

Question 13

13.) Conservative, Liberal, Moderate

Accepted Answer

1st: seeks to preserve current societal standings
2nd: seeks to change societal standings through government (that they believe are unfair)
3rd: mix between 1st & 2nd

Question 14

14.) Levels to Federal Court System

Accepted Answer

Superior level: Supreme Court
Inferior levels: Constitutional Court & Special Court

Question 15

15.) Naturalization

Accepted Answer

Process of legally changing citizenship (changing country)

Question 16

16.) Chief Way Federal Government Raises Revenue

Accepted Answer

Individual income tax

Question 17

17.) Medicare

Accepted Answer

federal system of health care for elderly or disabled persons

Question 18

18.) Congress

Accepted Answer

This has the power to raise revenue and pass appropriations

Question 19

19.) Congress

Accepted Answer

This has the power to declare war

Question 20

20.) Delegated Powers

Accepted Answer

Powers given the national government through the Constitution

Question 21

21.) Form of Government for the U.S. (what kind)

Accepted Answer

Democracy: people = supreme power

Question 22

22.) Local Government does not include which of the following: Mayor, Manager, Commission, Council

Accepted Answer

Council

Question 23

23.) Unitary Government

Accepted Answer

Form of government that gives all powers to national government

Question 24

24.) Believed by Founding Fathers to Have Right to Vote

Accepted Answer

all people

Question 25

25.) Individual Income Tax

Accepted Answer

Half of state revenues comes from this

Question 26

26.) Taxes

Accepted Answer

Most important form of revenue for local government

Question 27

27.) James Madison

Accepted Answer

Father of the Constitution

Question 28

28.) Medicare

Accepted Answer

This is outside state government care

Question 29

29.) Qualifications for Senator

Accepted Answer

- must be at least 30 years of age
- must be a resident in the state from which he/she was elected
- must have been a citizen for at least 9 years

Question 30

(1.) Maybury vs. Madison

Accepted Answer

This case introduced Judicial Review - allowing Judicial Branch to deem a law unconstitutional (under checks and balances)

Question 31

(2.) Conventions

Accepted Answer

A gathering of people that discusses a particular matter of common concern

Question 32

(3.) Single-member District

Accepted Answer

Electoral district - one person elected by voters for specific position

Question 33

(4.) Petition

Accepted Answer

A formal request, having the names of the ones making the request (petitioners), directed towards a member in authority over that subject

Question 34

(5.) Independent (political party)

Accepted Answer

A politician that does not fall directly beneath a certain political party (leaving room for personal opinion and separate affiliation)

Question 35

(6.) Platform (Political?)

Accepted Answer

Listed ideals of a specific politician or party

Question 36

(7.) Jurisdiction (court)

Accepted Answer

The ability to govern within specified limits appointed

Question 37

(8.) Grand Jury

Accepted Answer

A body (of jurors) that determines whether or not a person is guilty of a serious criminal offense, and can personally investigate

Question 38

(9.) Petit Jury

Accepted Answer

A body (of jurors) that decides the whether or not a person is guilty of a crime (usually smaller, more common crimes)

Question 39

(10.) Precinct Captain

Accepted Answer

Delegated representative within a political party (works directly with the people) in an electoral district

Question 40

(11.) Lieutenant Governor

Accepted Answer

Second-in-command to a governor

Question 41

(12.) Winner Take All

Accepted Answer

An old system "whereby a presidential aspirant who won the preference vote in a primary automatically won all the delegates chosen in the primary"

Question 42

(13.) Article I, Article II, Article III

Accepted Answer

1st: Establishes Legislative Branch
2nd: Establishes Executive Branch
3rd: Establishes Judicial Branch

Question 43

(14.) Bill of Rights

Accepted Answer

First 10 Amendments of the Constitution reserving certain freedoms for "the people"

Question 44

(15.) Ratification

Accepted Answer

Formal acceptance (of constitution, treaty, amendment, etc.)

Question 45

(16.) Impeachment

Accepted Answer

Being formally accused of unlawful charges, as a public official

SG Semester 1

American Government #8682

Term	Definition
1.) Federal Courts	Two courts: 1.) Constitutional Courts (AKA regular, Article III) - judicial power of the United States 2.) Special Courts (AKA legislative) - made by Congress to deal with cases involving powers given Congress, has less cases than Constitutional
2.) Original Jurisdiction	First court to handle a case has this. District courts can only have this.
3.) Indictment	Being officially charged with a crime
4.) Opinion of the Court	"Majority opinion" - foundation for decision within a case
5.) Due Process	Using fair judgment in a case to conclude the decision (without bias, under established rules)
6.) Freedom of Assembly	Ability to hold public or private meetings without interference of government
7.) Sedition	Crime of attempting to overthrow government (through force)
8.) Bill of Rights	First 10 Amendments of the Constitution reserving certain freedoms for "the people"
9.) Shield Laws	Law that gives reporters the ability to withhold information or sources from legal proceedings
10.) Public Opinion	Compilation of the political views of "the people"
11.) U.S. President	Person with ultimate political power
12.) Double Jeopardy	Law that states that one person cannot be tried for the same crime twice
13.) Conservative, Liberal, Moderate	1st: seeks to preserve current societal standings 2nd: seeks to change societal standings through government (that they believe are unfair) 3rd: mix between 1st & 2nd
14.) Levels to Federal Court System	Superior level: Supreme Court Inferior levels: Constitutional Court & Special Court
15.) Naturalization	Process of legally changing citizenship (changing country)
16.) Chief Way Federal Government Raises Revenue	Individual income tax
17.) Medicare	federal system of health care for elderly or disabled persons
18.) Congress	This has the power to raise revenue and pass appropriations
19.) Congress	This has the power to declare war
20.) Delegated Powers	Powers given the national government through the Constitution
21.) Form of Government for the U.S. (what kind)	Democracy: people = supreme power
22.) Local Government does not include which of the following: Mayor, Manager, Commission, Council	Council
23.) Unitary Government	Form of government that gives all powers to national government
24.) Believed by Founding Fathers to Have Right to Vote	all people
25.) Individual Income Tax	Half of state revenues comes from this
26.) Taxes	Most important form of revenue for local government
27.) James Madison	Father of the Constitution
28.) Medicare	This is outside state government care
29.) Qualifications for Senator	- must be at least 30 years of age - must be a resident in the state from which he/she was elected - must have been a citizen for at least 9 years
(1.) Maybury vs. Madison	This case introduced Judicial Review - allowing Judicial Branch to deem a law unconstitutional (under checks and balances)
(2.) Conventions	A gathering of people that discusses a particular matter of common concern
(3.) Single-member District	Electoral district - one person elected by voters for specific position
(4.) Petition	A formal request, having the names of the ones making the request (petitioners), directed towards a member in authority over that subject
(5.) Independent (political party)	A politician that does not fall directly beneath a certain political party (leaving room for personal opinion and separate affiliation)
(6.) Platform (Political?)	Listed ideals of a specific politician or party
(7.) Jurisdiction (court)	The ability to govern within specified limits appointed
(8.) Grand Jury	A body (of jurors) that determines whether or not a person is guilty of a serious criminal offense, and can personally investigate
(9.) Petit Jury	A body (of jurors) that decides the whether or not a person is guilty of a crime (usually smaller, more common crimes)
(10.) Precinct Captain	Delegated representative within a political party (works directly with the people) in an electoral district
(11.) Lieutenant Governor	Second-in-command to a governor
(12.) Winner Take All	An old system "whereby a presidential aspirant who won the preference vote in a primary automatically won all the delegates chosen in the primary"
(13.) Article I, Article II, Article III	1st: Establishes Legislative Branch 2nd: Establishes Executive Branch 3rd: Establishes Judicial Branch
(14.) Bill of Rights	First 10 Amendments of the Constitution reserving certain freedoms for "the people"
(15.) Ratification	Formal acceptance (of constitution, treaty, amendment, etc.)
(16.) Impeachment	Being formally accused of unlawful charges, as a public official

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