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Blood
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Temperature of blood (Celcius) | 38 degrees |
| pH range of blood | 7.35-7.45 |
| Three Major Plasma Proteins | Albumins Globulins Fibrinogen |
| Albumins | Most abundant plasma protein, produced by liver, maintains osmotic pressure |
| Globulins | Plasma protein produced by lymphocytes, act as transport proteins and antibodies |
| Fibrogen | Plasma protein, functions in coagulation, converts to fibrin |
| Serum | Plasma without clotting factors |
| ____ of plasma proteins are synthesized by the ______. | 90%, liver |
| Plasma makes up __% of whole blood, while formed elements make up __% of whole blood volume | 55, 45 |
| Plasma ratio: Water: __% Plasma Proteins: __% Other solutes: __% | 92, 7, 1, |
| Red blood cells make up __% of formed elements. | 99.9 |
| Hematocrit | Ratio of RBC to whole blood |
| Hemoglobin: O2 binds to ______, while CO2 binds to _____. | heme, globular subunits |
| Lifespan of red blood cells | 120 days |
| Hemolysis | Rupture or destruction of red blood cells |
| What organ filters Hemoglobin? | Kidney |
| Where are most red blood cells phagocytized? | Liver, spleen, and bone marrow |
| Steps of Hemoglobin Recycling | 1. Globular proteins are broken down into amino acids 2. Heme is stripped of iron, converted to biliverdin 3.Iron can be stored or released into blood to bind with transferrin |
| Erythropoiesis | Red blood cell formation |
| Where does erythropoiesis occur? | Red bone marrow or myeloid tissue |
| Hemocytoblasts produce _________. | Myeloid stem cells |
| Agglutinogen | Antibodies/immunoglobins |
| Differential Test | Ratio of various leukocytes to determine what type of infection may be present in the body |
| Clotting Factors | Molecules that form clots and produce long, insoluble strands of fibrin |
| What is required for eurythropoiesis? | Amino Acids, Iron, Vitamins (act as co-factors) |
| Afflutinin | Another term for antigen |
| Erythropoietin | EPO hormone secreted to stimulate red blood cell production when oxygen is low in peripheral tissues |
| Antigen | CELL surface marker |
| Antibody | Defense protein, stick to FOREIGN antigens (found in plasma) |
| Interstitial fluid | Fluid in space between cells. LOW in protein |
| Erythrocytes | Red blood cells, contain hemoglobin, lack nucleus (anucleate) |
| PRIMARY location of Leukocytes | Connective tissue other than blood |
| Diapedesis | Ability to move out of the blood stream (ex: property of leukocytes) |
| Granulocyte | Classification of leukocyte, has bizarre nucleus and granular cytoplasm |
| Agranulocyte | Classification of leukocyte, has round nucleus and no granules in cytoplasm |
| Neutrophils | Granulocytes, fight bacteria, stain pink, most common WBC variety (60%) |
| Lymphocytes | Agranulocytes, fight viruses, second most common WBC variety (30%) |
| Eosinophils | Granulocytes, stain red |
| Basophils | Granulocytes, stain dark blue/purple |
| Monocytes | Agranulocytes, known as macrophage outside of the blood |
| Thrombocytes | Platelets, cell fragments |
| Hemostasis | Stopping bleeding |
| Fibrinogen | Soluble, converts to fibrin through thrombosis |
| Fibrin | Insoluble, final product of thrombosis |
| Thrombin | Converts fibrogen to fibrin |
| Extrinsic pathway | Tissue factor |
| Intrinsic pathway | Platelet factor |
| Fibrinolysis | Slow process of dissolving blood clot |
| Plasmin | Digests fiber strands in blood clot |
| 3 stages of hemostasis | 1. Vascular phase 2. Platelet phase 3. Coagulation phase |
| Vascular Phase | Constriction of blood vessels |
| Platelet Phase | Platelet plug formation (within seconds) |
| Coagulation Phase | Formation of thrombus |
Created by:
kcopeland10
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