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Muscles of Lower Lim

Names, origin, insertion, innervation, and action

QuestionAnswer
O. of Gluteus Maximus Posterior SacrumIlium (via ligamentous sheath)Superior gluteal line of Illium
I. of Gluteus Maximus Gluteal tuberosity of FemurIliotibial tract (which attaches to the greater trochanter of the tibia)
A. of Gluteaus Maximus Extension of femur @ hipLater rotation of extended hip
N. of Gluteus Maximus Inferior gluteal n.
O. of Gluteus Medius Illiac crestIllium between superior and middle gluteal lines
I. of Gluteus Medius Greater grochanter of femur
A. of Gluteus Medius AbductionMedial rotation of femur @ hip
N. of Gluteus Medius Superior gluteal n.
O. of Gluteus Minimus Posterior Illium (between middle and inferior gluteal lines)
I. of Gluteus Minimus Anterior surface of greater trochanter
A. of Gluteus Minimus AbductionMedial rotation of femur at hip
N. of Gluteus Minimus Superior gluteal n.
O. of Psoas Major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas) Psoas: lumber vertebrae (T12-L5)Iliacus: inner surface of ilium (iliac fossa)
I. of psoas Major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas) Lesser troachanter
A. of psoas Major and Iliacus (Iliopsoas) Flexion of femur at hip jointIf thigh is high, flexion of trunk at hip joint
N. of psoas Major and Iliacus (iliopsoas) Psoas: L2,3 directlyIliacus: Femoral n.
O. of Tensor Fasciae Latae Illiac crest (Posterior to anterior iliac spine)
I. of Tensor Fasciae Latae Iliotibial tract
A. of Tensor Fasciae Latae prevents collapse of extended knee in ambulation assists adduction, medial rotation, flexion of femur @ hip and extension of knee
N. of Tensor Fasciae Latae Superior Gluteal n.
Name all of the Deep Lateral Rotators of the hip 1. Piriformis2. Gemellus Superior3. Obturator Internus4. Gemellus Inferior5. Obturator Externus6. Quadratus Femoris
O. of piriformis Pelvic surface of the sacrum
I. of Piriformis Greater trochanter
N. of Piriformis Sacral plexus
O. of Quadritis Femoris Tuberosity of ischium
I. of Quatdratis Quadrate line
N. of Quadratis Sacral Plexus
O. of Obturator Internus Internal or pelvic surface of obturator membrane and a margin of obturator foramen
I. of Obturator Internus Greater Trochanter
N. of Obturator Internus Sacral Plexus
O. of Obturator Externus Rami of pubis and ischium and external membrane of obturator membrane
I. of Obturator Externus Greater Trochanter
N. of Obturator Externus Obturator N.
O. of Gemellus Superior Spine of Ischium
I. of Gemellus Superior Greater Trochanger
N. of Gemellus Superior Sacral Plexus
O. of Gemellus Inferior Tuberosity of ischium
I. of Gemellus Inferior Greater Trochanter
N. of Gemellus Inferior Sacral Plexus
Additional actions of deep lateral rotators of hip? 1. Quadratis femoris and Obturator externus can assist in adduction of the hip joint2. Piriformus, Obturator Internus, and Gemelli can assist in abduction when the hip is flexed.
O. of Sartorius Anterior Supior Iliac Spine
I. of Sartorius Upper medial shaft of tibia
A. of Sartorius Assists flexion, lateral rotation, and abduction of the femur at hipAssists flexion and medial rotation of knee
N. of Sartorius Femoral n.
O. of Rectis Femoris Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine
I. of Rectis Femoris PatellaTibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
A. of Rectis Femoris Extension of the kneeAssists flexion of the femur @ hip
N. of Rectis Femoris Femoral n.
O. of Vastus Medialis, Lateralis, and Intermedius Med.: Linea asperaLat.: Linea aspera Greater trochanterInt.: Lateral and anterior femoral shaft
I. of Vastus Medialis, Lateralis, and Intermedius PatellaTibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
A. of Vastus Medialis, Lateralis, and Intermedius Extension of the knee
N. of Vastus Medialis, Lateralis, and Intermedius Femoral n.
O. of Pectineus Anterior Pubis
I. of Pectineus Posterior femur between linea aspera and less trochanter
A. of Pectineus Flexion of femur @ hipAssists adduction of femur @ hip
N. of Pectineus Femoral n.
O. of Adductor Longus and Brevis anterior pubis
I. of Adductor longus and brevis Linea aspera on posterior femur
A. of Adductor longus and brevis Adduction of femur at hipAssist flexion of femur at hip
N. of Adductor longus and brevis Obturator n.
O. of Adductor Magnus Anterior head: Inferior ramus of pubis Posterior head: Ischial tuberosity and inferior ramus of ischium
I. of Adductor Magnus ant.: Linea asperapos.: adductor tubercle of femur
A. of adductor magnus Adduction of femur at hipAnt.: assists flexion and medial rotation of femur at hippos.: assists extension and later rotation of femur at hip
N. of adductor magnus ant.: femoralpos.: sciatic
O. of Gracilis Inferior ramus of anterior pubis
I. of Gracilis Medial proximal tibia
A. of Gracilis Adduction of femur @ hipAssists flexion and medial rotation of flexed knee
N. of Gracilis Obturator n.
O. of Biceps Femoris Long Head: Ischial TuberosityShort Head: linea aspera
I. of Biceps Femoris Head of Fibula
A. of Biceps Femoris Flexion of kneeLateral rotation of kneeLong: Extension of hip
N. of Biceps Femoris Long: sciatic -> tibial divisionShort: sciatic -> peroneal division
O. of Semitendinosus and Semimembrinosus Ischial tuberosity
I. of Semitendinosus and Semimembrinosus SM: Posterior medial tibial condyleST: Anterior proximal tibial shaft
A. of Semitendinosus and Semimembrinosus Extension of hipFlexion of kneeMedial rotation of knee
N. of Semitendinosus and Semimembrinosus Sciatic -> tibial
O. of Gastrocnemius Medial Head: medial epicondyle of femurLateral Head: later epicondyle of femur
I. of Gastrocnemius Calcaneous via the tendo archilles
A. of Gastrocnemius Plantarflexion of the ankleAssists flexion of the knee
N. of Gastrocnemuius Tibial
O. of Soleus Soleal LinePosterior head and upper shaft of fibula
I. of Soleus Calcaneous via the tendo archilles
A. of Soleus Plantarflexion of the ankle
N. of Soleus Tibial n.
O. of Plantaris Lateral condyle of femur
I. of Plantaris Calcaneous via the tendo archilles
A. of Plantaris Assists flexion of kneeAssists plantar flexion of ankle
N. of Plantaris Tibial n.
O. of Popliteus Later condyle of femur
I. of popliteus Proximal lateral shaft of tibia
A. of popliteus Iniates flexion of the knee by medial rotation the tibia to "unlock" the extended knee
N. of Popliteus Tibial n.
O. of Tibialis Posterior Posterior Tibia, Posterior Fibula, Interosseus membrane
I. of Tibialis Posterior the navicular and adjacent tarsels and metatarsal (plantar surface)
A. of Tibialis Posterior Inversion of the foot, assists plantar flexion of ankle
N. of Tibialis Posterior tibial n.
O. of Flexor Digitorum longus Posterior Tibia
I. of Flexor Digitorum longus Distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes (plantar surface)
A. of Flexor Digitorum Longus Flexion of the 4 lateral toes at DIP joints, Assists plantar flexion of ankle
N. of Flexor Digitorum Longus Tibial N.
O. of Flexor Halicus Longus Posterior Fibula
I. of Flexor Halicus Longus Distal phalanx of the great toe (plantar surface)
A. of Flexor Halicus Longus flexion of the great toe at IP joint, assists plantar flexion of the ankle
N. of Flexor Halicus Longus tibial n.
O. of Tibialis Anterior Later condyle and lateral shaft of tibia, interosseus membrane
I. of Tibialis Anterior Base of 1st metarsal (plantar surface), first (medial) cuneiform (plantar surface)
A. of Tibialis Anterior Dorsiflexion of the ankle, inversion of the foot
N. of Tibialis Anterior Deep peroneal n.
O. of Extensor Hallucis Longus Anterior shaft of fibula
I. of Extensor Hallucis Longus Base of the distal phalanx of the great toe
A. of Extensor Hallucis longus Extension of the great toe at IP joint, assist in dorsiflexion of the ankle
N. of Extensor Hallucis Longus Deep Peroneal N.
O. of Extensor Digitorum longus Later condyle of tibia, proximal 2/3 of anterior shaft of fibula
I. of Extensor Digitorum longus Middle and distal phalanges of 4 lateral toes
A. of extensor digitorum longus extension of the 4 lateral toes at MP joints, assists dorsiflexion of the ankle
N. of extensor digitorum longus deep peroneal n.
O. of extensor digitorum brevis anterior calcaneous
I. of extensor digitorum brevis extensor expansion of the 4 medial toes
A. of extensor digitorum brevis aids extension of the 4 medial toes at MP joints
N. of extensor digitorum brevis deep peroneal n.
O. of Fibularis Tertius Anterior distal fibula (with extensor digitorum longus)
I. of Fibularis Tertius Base of 5th metatarsal
A. of Fibularis Tertius Eversion of the foot, assists dorsiflexion of the ankle
N. of Fibularis Tertius Deep peroneal n.
O. of Fibularis longus head and lateral shaft of fibula (upper 2/3)
I. of Fibularis longus Base of first metatarsal, first (medial) cuneiform (plantar surface)
A. of Fibularis longus Eversion of the foot Assists plantarflexion of the ankle
N. of fibularis longus superficial peroneal n.
O. of fibularis brevis Lateral shaft of tibia (lower 2/3)
I. of fibularis brevis base of 5th metatarsal
A. of fibularis brevis eversion of the foot, assists plantflexion of the ankle
N. of fibularis brevis superficial peroneal n.
Created by: coyne44
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