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DMUT
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Acoustic Propagation Properties | The effects of the medium upon the sound wave |
| Biological effects | The effects of the sound wave upon the biologic tissue through which |
| What is sound? | Carries energy from one place to another, longitudinal, travels through medium not vacuum |
| What is pressure? | Concentration of force in an area |
| What is density? | Concentration of mass in a volume |
| What is distance? | Measure of particle motion |
| What is Period? | The time it takes to complete one cycle |
| Spatial | Refers to distance or space |
| What is peak? | Maximum value |
| What is average? | The mathematical middle value |
| Temporal | Refers to all time transit and receive |
| Pulsed | Refers only to transmit time only |
| Attenuation | Decrease in intensity power and amplitude or weakening of a sound wave |
| Reflection | As sound strikes a boundary a portion of waves energy may be redirected or reflected |
| Specular reflection | When sound is reflected only in one direction in an organized manner from a smooth surface |
| Diffuse reflection | When wave reflects off an irregular surface and it radiates and more than one direction |
| Scattering | Random redirection of sound in many directions |
| Frequency | Number of cycles per second |
| Amplitude | The difference between a maximum and average value |
| Wavelength | The distance or length of one complete cycle |
| Propagation speed | The distance that a sound wave travels through a medium in one second |
| Stiffness | Describes the ability of an object to resist compression |
| Density | Describes the relative weight of a material |
| Pulse duration | The actual time from the start of one post to the end of that post |
| Spatial pulse length | The distance that a pulse occupies in space from the start to the end of a pulse |
| Pulse repetition period | The time from the start of one pulse to the start of the next pulse |
| Pulse repetition frequency | The number of pulses that an ultrasound system transmit into the body each second |
| Duty factor | The percentage or fraction of time that the system is transmitting a pulse |
| Rayleigh scattering | A special form of scattering that occurs when the structures dimensions are smaller than the Beams wavelength |
| Absorption | 1 ultrasonic energy energy is converted into another energy forms such as heat |
| Attenuation coefficient | The number of decibels of attenuation that occurs when the sound travels 1 centimeter |
| Half value layer thickness | Distance that sound travels in a tissue that reduces intensity of sound to one half of its original size |
| Impendence | The acoustic resistance to sound traveling in a medium |
| Normal incidence | The incident sound Bean strikes boundary at exactly 90° |
| Oblique incidence | When the incident sound Bean strikes to pound you at any angle other than 90 degrees |
| Piezoelectric Effect | Describes the property of certain materials to create a voltage when they are mechanically deformed |
| Piezoelectric materials | Materials which conversation sound into electricity |
| Acoustic Impedance | Sound obstacle |
| Incident Intensity | Intensity of sound beam immediately before it strikes the boundary |
| Reflected Intensity | Intensity that after striking a boundary returns back or reflects to the TRX |
| Transmitted Intensity | Intensity that after striking boundary continues foward in the same general direction that it travels before |
| Spatial Peak Intensity | The beam's intensity at the location where it is maximum |
| Spatial Average Intensity | The average intensity cross beam's entire cross-sectional area |
| Temporal Peak Intensity | Measuring the intensity of the beam at the instant in time of its maximal value |
| Pulse Average Intensity | Taking averge intensity during the pulse duration(transmit time) |
| Temporal Average Intensity | Averaging the intensity during the entire pulse repetition period-both the transmit and receive times |
| Beam uniformity coefficient | Spread of beam in space |
| Logarithms | Is a novel method of reading numbers |
| Transmission | Is critical to ultrasound's ability to image structures located deep in the body |
| Acoustic Impedance | Is important tissue property that influences the amount of reflection |
| Go-return time or time-of-flight | The elapsed time from pulse creation to pulse reception |
| The 13-Microsecond Rule | Floor every 13 ms of go-return time, the object creating the reflection is 1 centimeter deeper in soft tissue |
Created by:
NarahA
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