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NFL Ch.3 vocab

TermDefinition
Kilocalorie The unit used to measure the energy value of food.
Digestion The process by which the body breaks down food, and the nutrients in food, into simpler parts for use in growth, repair, and maintenance.
Enzyme A complex protein produced by cells to speed a specific chemical reaction in the body.
Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract A muscular tube leading from mouth to the anus though which food passes as it is digested.
Mastication Chewing.
Peristalsis A series of squeezing actions by the muscles in the gastrointestinal tract that helps move food through the tract.
Gastic Juices A mixture of hydrochloric acid, digestive enzymes, and mucus produced by the stomach that helps digest food.
Chyme A mixture of gastric juices and food formed in the stomach during digestion.
Bile A digestive juices produced by the liver to aid fat digestion.
Feces Solid wastes that result from digestion.
Absorption The passage of nutrients from the digestive tract into the circulatory or lymphatic system.
Villi Tiny, fingerlike projections that cover the wall of the small intestine.
Metabolism All the chemical changes that occur as cells produce energy and materials needed to sustain life.
ATP ( adenosine triphosphate) The storage form of energy in the body.
Food Allergy A reaction of the immune system to certain proteins found in foods.
Food Intolerance An unpleasant reaction to a food that does not cause an immune system response.
Diarrhea Frequent expulsion of watery feces.
Constripation A condition that occurs when the feces become massed and hard in the large intestine, making expulsion infrequent.
Indigestion A difficulty in digesting food.
Heartburn A burning pain in the middle of the chest caused by stomach acid flowing back into the esophagus.
Ulcer An open sore in the lining of the stomach or small intestine caused by a bacterium.
Gallstones Small crystals that form bile in the gallbladder.
Diverticulosis A disorder in which many abnormal pouches form in the intestinal wall.
Created by: Albany.Magaw
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