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Chabner Chpt 2
Pronunciation of Terms
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abdomen | Area of the body between the body between the chest and pelvis region. |
| Abdominal cavity | Area of the body between the chest and pelvis (hip region). |
| Adipose | Pertaining to fat. |
| Anabolism | Process of building up or synthesizing substances (such as proteins) in a cell. |
| Anterior | Pertaining to the front of a structure. |
| Cartilage | Elastic, connective tissue found at joints, within the trachea and larynx, and connected to ribs, nose, and ear. |
| Catabolism | Cellular process of breaking down of a complex substance into simple compounds. Energy is released to do the work of the cell. |
| Caudad | Toward the tail or end of the body. |
| Caudal | Pertaining to the tail, or to the lower portion of the body; also means away from the head or below another structure. |
| Cell membrane | Thin and delicate structure surrounding a cell; allows materials to pass in and out. |
| Cephalad | Toward the head, or the upper portion of the body or a structure. |
| Cephalic | Pertaining to the head; also means above another structure. |
| Cervical | Pertaining to the neck of the body or lower neck-line portion of the uterus. |
| Chondroma | Tumor (benign) of cartilage. |
| Chondrosarcoma | Malignant, cancerous tumor of cartilage. |
| Chromosome | Threadlike structure within the nucleus of a cell; contains genetic material (DNA). |
| Coccygeal | Pertaining to the tailbone or coccyx. |
| Coccyx | Tailbone at the end of the spinal or vetebral column. |
| Cranial cavity | Pertaining to the space within the skull containing the brain and pituitary gland. |
| Craniotomy | Incision of the skull. |
| Cytoplasm | All of the substance of a cell other than the nucleus. |
| Deep | Away from the surface of the body or an organ. |
| Diaphragm | Muscular wall separating the chest and abdomen. |
| Disk (disc) | Circular platelike structure composed of cartilage. |
| Distal | Pertaining to far from the beginning of a structure. |
| Dorsal | Pertaining to the back, or posterior portion of the body. |
| Endoplasmic reticulum | Network of canals within the cytoplasm of the cell. |
| Epigastric region | The upper middle region of the abdomen, between the right and left hypochondriac regions. |
| Epithelial cells | Cells arranged in layers and covering or lining a surface of the body. |
| Frontal plane | A vertical plane passing through the body and dividing it into the front and back portions; coronal plane. |
| Genes | Segments of DNA that determine hereditary characteristics. |
| Histology | Study of tissues. |
| Hypochondriac region | An upper abdominal area on either side of the epigastric (middle) region beneath the cartilage of the lower ribs. |
| Hypogastric | Lower middle region of the abdomen. |
| Iliac | Pertaining to the ilium, which is the right or left upper most portion of the hipbone. |
| Inguinal region | Lowermost region of the abdomen on either side of the hypogastric region. |
| Intervertebral | Pertaining to between the vertebrae (backbones). |
| Karyotype | Classification of chromosomes in the nucleus of a cell determined by a photograph taken during cell division. |
| Larynx | The voice box. |
| Lateral | Pertaining to the side. |
| Lumbar region | One of two middle lateral regions on either side of the umbilical region (near the naval). |
| Lumbosacral | Pertaining to the lumbar and sacral regions of the back. |
| Medial | Pertaining to the middle or midline of the body. |
| Mediastinum | Part of the thoracic (chest) cavity between the lungs. |
| Metabolism | Chemical processes that occur in cells; including catabolism (breaking down process) and anabolism (building up process). |
| Mitochondria | Rod-like, threadlike or granular structures in a cell; site of catabolism and release of energy. |
| Nucleic | Pertaining to the nucleus. |
| Nucleus | Central, controlling structure in a cell; contains chromosomes with DNA (genetic material). |
| Pelvic cavity | Pertaining to the space surrounded by the bone of the hip region. |
| Peritoneum | Membrane surrounding the organs in the abdomen. |
| Pharynx | The throat. |
| Pituitary gland | Endocrine gland at the base of the brain; secretes many hormones that control growth and organs including the thyroid, adrenal and sex glands (ovaries and testes). |
| Pleura | A delicate membrane surrounding each lung and divided into two layers. |
| Pleural cavity | Space between the layers of the pleura in the chest. |
| Posterior | Pertaining to the back or dorsal side of the body or structure. |
| Prone | Lying in a horizontal position with face downward. |
| Proximal | Pertaining to a location near the point of attachment or beginning of an organ. |
| Sacral | Pertaining to the sacrum. |
| Sacrum | Large, triangular bone is at the dorsal part the pelvis, wedged between the two ilia or hipbones. |
| Sagittal plane | Vertical plane that divides the body into a right and left portion. |
| Sarcoma | Tumor of flesh tissue such as bone, fat, muscle or cartilage. |
| Spinal cavity | Space surrounded by the backbones or spine. |
| Spinal cord | The nervous tissue within the spinal cavity. |
| Spinal column | Series of backbones (vertebrae) located on the posterior side of the body. |
| Superficial | Pertaining to or the surface of the body. |
| Supine | Lying horizontally on the back with face upward. |
| Thoracic cavity | The space in the chest surrounded by the ribs, spinal column, breastbone, diaphragm, and chest wall muscles. |
| Thoracotomy | Incision of the chest. |
| Thyroid gland | Endocrine gland in the neck; secretes the hormone thyroxine (Ty). |
| Trachea | Windpipe; tube leading from the larynx (voice box) to the bronchial tubes. |
| Tracheal | Pertaining to the trachea. |
| Transverse plane | Horizontal plane that divides the body into upper and lower portions. |
| Umbilical region | Region in the area of the navel or umbilicus. |
| Ureter | One of two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. |
| Urethra | Tube leading from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body. |
| Uterus | Muscular organ in a female that nourishes the developing embryo during pregnancy; womb. |
| Ventral | Pertaining to the front or anterior of the body. |
| Vertebra | Backbone. |
| Vertebrae | Two or more backbones. |
| Vertebral | Pertaining to backbones. |
| Viscera | Internal organs. |
| Visceral | Pertaining to internal organs. |
Created by:
HSchantz
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