Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Anatomy Chapter 19
Nutrition and Metabolism
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| term that refers to the food that we eat and the nutrients they contain | Nutrition |
| use of nutrients | Metabolism |
| breaking | Catabolism |
| building | Anabolism |
| produces bile, maintains normal blood glucose, produces prothrombin and fibrinogen, detoxifies the body, and stores vitamins and minerals | liver |
| The energy transferred to ATP molecules differs in two ways from the energy stored in nutrient molecules | 1) the energy in ATP molecules is not stored but is released almost instantaneously. 2) It can be used directly to do cellular work |
| normal glucose levels | 80-110 mg in 100 mL of blood |
| Lowers glucose levels | Insulin |
| Hormones that increase glucose levels | Growth hormone, hydrocortisone, epinephrine, glucagon |
| fats not needed for catabolism are instead stored where | in the adipose tissue |
| formulation of glucose or glycogen from protein or fat compounds | gluconeogenesis |
| assembled from a pool of at least 20 different kinds of amino acids | Protein |
| amino acids that must be in a diet | Essential |
| amino acids that can be missing from the diet that can be made by the body | Nonessential |
| organic molecules needed in small quantities for normal metabolism throughout the body | Vitamins |
| free radicals | antioxidant |
| vitamins A,D,E, and K | fat soluble vitamins |
| vitamins B and C | water soluble vitamins |
| vitamin deficiency | avitaminosis |
| vitamin C deficiency | scurvy |
| vitamin excess | hypervitaminosis |
| inorganic elements that are found in the Earth | Minerals |
| rate at which nutrients are catabolized when that individual is resting | basal metabolic rate |
| total amount of energy used by the body per day | total metabolic rate |
| refusal to eat | anorexia |
| "food binge" and then induce vomiting | Bulimia |
| over eating behavior, can cause diabetes, cancer, and heart disease | obesity |
| abnormal condition resulting from a deficiency of calories in general and protein in particular | Protein calorie malnutrition |
| lack of calories and proteins | marasmus |
| protein deficiency and sufficient calories | Kwashiorkor |
| flow of heat waves away from the blood | radiation |
| transfer of heat energy to the skin and then the external environment | conduction |
| transfer of heat energy to air that is continually flowing away from the skin | convection |
| absorption of heat by water vaporization | evaporation |
| two of the body's processes that can be altered to adjust the body's temperature | shivering and secretion of metabolism-regulating hormones |
| high body temperature, pyrogens | fever |
| abnormally increased body temperature when exposed to certain anesthetics | malignant hyperthermia |
| environmental temperatures are high, normal body temperature maintained, causes weakness | heat exhaustion |
| sunstroke, the inability of the body to maintain a normal temperature | heatstroke |
| extremely cold environment and body temperature is lower than 95 | hypothermia |
| local damage to tissues caused by extremely low temperatures. Reduction of blood flow. Causes necrosis and gangrene | frostbite |
| can get from eating carrots and is good for the eyes | Vitamin A |
| can get from meats and grains and is good for cholesterol | B3 |
| can get from vegetables, meat, grains, and dairy products and is good for energy | B6 and B12 |
| can get from vegetables, meat, and eggs and is good for the hair, skin, and nails | biotin |
| can get from vegetables and is good for blood cell formation and for pregnant women | folic acid |
| citrus, and is good for the immune system and healing | Vitamin C |
| from dairy products and fish liver oil, is good for the bones | Vitamin D |
| from green vegetables and seeds, is good for the heart | Vitamin E |
| from spinach and other vegetables, and meat/dairy products, is good for blood clotting | Vitamin K |
| from dairy and vegetables and is good for the bones | Calcium |
| from seafood and iodized salt, good for the thyroid | Iodine |
| from meats, eggs, vegetables, good for the blood | Iron |
| from vegetables and grains, good for regulation | Magnesium |
| from seafood, milk, fruit, and meat, is good for muscles | Potassium |
| from salty foods, good for nerves | Sodium |
| from many foods and is good for the immune system | Zinc |
Created by:
Blogan
Popular Anatomy sets