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Orange Mod
Gastrointestinal Sys
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are rugae? | folds in the stomach that secrete hydrocholoric acid and enzymes |
| What are the accessory organs of the GI system? | liver, pancreas, gallbladder |
| What are the four divisions of the colon? | ascending colon, transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon |
| What are the functions of the liver? | produces bile, maintains normal glucose levels, removes sugars from blood, transforms/destroys toxic products, stores vitamins b12, k, e, a, d, destroys old red blood cells, produces various blood proteins |
| What are the three main components of the large intestine? | cecum, colon, rectum |
| What are the three main parts of the stomach? | body, fundus, pylorus |
| What are the two structures that form the roof of the mouth? | soft palate, hard palate |
| What is the medical term for mouth? | oral cavity |
| What is another name for the GI tract? | alimentary canal |
| What are villi? | finger like protrusions in small intestine that absorb nutrients from chyme |
| Where does peristalsis occur? | from the pharynx to the anus |
| Where is digestion completed? | the small intestine |
| What is a volvus? | life threatening obstruction of the intestine which causes the bowel to twist on itself |
| What are hemorrhoids? | swollen veins in or outside the anus |
| What causes Hepatitis A? | ingestion of contaminated water, milk, or food |
| What is diverticulitis? | inflammation of blister like pockets in the lining of the large intestine |
| What is ulcerative colitits? | inflammation and ulceration of the inner most lining of the colon |
| Where are ulcers commonly found? | in the duodenum and the stomach |
| Where do inguinal hernias develop? | in the groin area where the folds of the abdomen meet the thighs |
| ulcer | a lesion of the skin or mucous membrane which frequently develops in the duodenum or stomach |
| occult blood | a test in which stool samples are collected to determine gastrointestinal bleeding |
| ascites | abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen |
| hernia | abnormal protrusion of an organ or tissue through the structures that normally contain it |
| deglutition | act of swallowing |
| gallbladder | an organ below the liver which stores and empties bile through its ducts into the small intestine |
| pancreas | an organ which uses ducts to provide exocrine secretions to the duodenum to aid in digestion |
| regurgitation | backward flowing, as in the return of solids or fluids to the mouth from the stomach |
| mastication | chewing |
| fecalith | fecal concentration |
| cecum | first 2-3" of the large intestine |
| ascending colon | first portion of the colon, extending from the lower border of the liver |
| cholecysistitis | formation of gallstones |
| flatus | gas in the GI tract |
| ulcerative colitis | inflammation and ulceration of the innermost lining of the colon |
| diverticulitis | inflammation of a sac-like bulge that may develop in the wall of the large intestine |
| stomatitis | inflammation of the mouth and stomach |
| anorexia | lack or loss of appetite resulting in the inability to eat |
| rectum | last portion of the GI tract |
| ileum | lower division of the small intestine |
| serum bilirubin | measurement of the level of bilirubin in the blood |
| halitosis | offensive or bad breath |
| proctologist | one who specializes in diseases of the colon, rectum and anus |
| melena | passage of dark-colored, tarry stools, due to the presence of blood altered by intestinal juices |
| steatorrhea | passage of fat in large amounts in the feces |
| celiac | pertaining to the abdomen |
| buccal | pertaining to the cheek |
| lithotripsy | procedure for crushing a stone |
| eructation | producing gas from the stomach |
| peristalsis | progressive, wavelike movement |
| barium swallow | radiographic examination of the esophagus, stomach, and small intestine |
| barium enema | radiographic examination of the rectum and colon |
| cholecystogram | radiographic record of the gallbladder |
| borborygmus | rumbling or gurgling noises that are audible at a distance |
| cirrhosis | scarring and dysfunction of the liver |
| jejunum | second division of the small intestine |
| transverse colon | second portion of the colon that passes horizontally across the abdomen toward the spleen |
| obstipation | severe constipation |
| pyloric stenosis | structure or narrowing of the pyloric sphincter |
| enterostomy | surgical formation of an opening in the small intestine through the abdominal wall |
| ileostomy | surgical formation of an opening from the ileum through the abdominal wall |
| anastomosis | surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another |
| cheiloplasty | surgical repair of the lip |
| aerophagia | swallowing air |
| liver | the largest glandular organ |
| diarrhea | the passage of unformed, watery bowl movements |
| injest | to eat |
| hematemesis | vomiting of blood |
| malabsorption | when nutrients are digested but are not taken in by the intestinal tissues |
| leukoplakia | white patches that form on the tongue, lips, or cheek |
| Ba | baruim |
| BaE, BE | barium enema |
| BM | bowel movement |
| BMI | body mass index |
| CF | cystic fibrosis |
| CT | computed tomography |
| EGD | esophogastroduodenoscopy |
| MRCP | magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography |
| GB | gallbladder |
| GERD | gastroesophageal reflux disease |
| GI | gastorintestinal |
| HBV | hepatitis B virus |
| IBS | irritable bowel syndrome |
| LFT | liver function test |
| PE | physical examination |
| PMH | past medical history |
| PUD | peptic ulcer disease |
| R/O | rule out |
| RGB | Roux-en-Y gastric bypass |
| STAT | immeditately |
Created by:
marwee
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