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MedTerm 4
Medical Terminology for Health Professions Chapter 4 words activity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Abduction | The movement of a limb (arm or leg) away from the midline of the body. |
| Adduction | The movement of a limb (arm or leg) toward the midline of the body. |
| Adhesion | A band of fibrous tissue that holds structures together abnormally. |
| Ataxia | The lack of muscle coordination during voluntary movement. |
| Atonic | Lacking normal muscle tone or strength. |
| Atrophy | Weakness or wearing away of body tissues and structures. |
| Bradykinesia | Extreme slowness in movement. |
| carpal tunnel syndrome | Symptoms occur when the tendons that pass through the carpal tunnel are chronically overused and become inflamed and swollen. |
| chronic fatigue syndrome | A disorder of unknown cause that affects many body systems. |
| Circumduction | The circular movement at the far end of a limb. |
| Contracture | The permanent tightening of fascia, muscles, tendons, ligaments, or skin that occurs when normally elastic connective tissues are replaced with nonelastic fibrous tissues. |
| Dorsiflexion | The movement that bends the foot upward at the ankle. |
| Dyskinesia | The distortion or impairment of voluntary movement such as a tic or spasm. |
| Dystonia | A condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the impairment of voluntary muscle movement. |
| Electromyography | A diagnostic test that measures the electrical activity within muscle fibers in response to nerve stimulation. |
| Epicondylitis | Inflammation of the tissues surrounding the elbow. |
| Ergonomics | The study of the human factors that affect the design and operation of tools and the work environment. |
| exercise physiologist | A specialist who works under the supervision of a physician to develop, implement, and coordinate exercise programs, and administer medical tests to promote physical fitness. |
| Fasciitis | Inflammation of a fascia. |
| fibromyalgia syndrome | A debilitating chronic condition characterized by fatigue; diffuse or specific muscle, joint, or bone pain; and a wide range of other symptoms. |
| ganglion cyst | A harmless fluidfilled swelling that occurs most commonly on the outer surface of the wrist. |
| heel spur | A calcium deposit in the plantar fascia near its attachment to the calcaneus (heel) bone that can be one of the causes of plantar fasciitis. |
| Hemiparesis | Slight paralysis or weakness affecting one side of the body. |
| Hemiplegia | Total paralysis affecting only one side of the body. |
| Hernia | The protrusion of a part of a structure through the tissues normally containing it. |
| Hyperkinesias | Abnormally increased muscle function or activity; also known as hyperactivity. |
| Hypotonia | A condition in which there is diminished tone of the skeletal muscles. |
| impingement syndrome | Occurs when inflamed and swollen tendons are caught in the narrow space between the bones within the shoulder joint. |
| Insertion | Where the muscle ends by attaching to a bone or tendon. |
| intermittent claudication | Pain in the leg muscles that occurs during exercise and is relieved by rest. |
| muscular dystrophy | A group of genetic diseases that are characterized by progressive weakness and degeneration of the skeletal muscles that control movement, without affecting the nervous system. |
| myasthenia gravis | A chronic autoimmune disease that affects the neuromuscular junction and produces serious weakness of voluntary muscles. |
| Myocele | The herniation (protrusion) of muscle substance through a tear in the fascia surrounding it. |
| Myoclonus | The sudden, involuntary jerking of a muscle or group of muscles. |
| myofascial release | A specialized soft-tissue manipulation technique used to ease the pain of conditions such as fibromyalgia syndrome, myofascial pain syndrome, movement restrictions, temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ), and carpal tunnel syndrome. |
| Myolysis | The degeneration of muscle tissue. |
| Myoparesis | a weakness or slight muscular paralysis. |
| Myorrhaphy | The surgical suturing a muscle. |
| Neuromuscular | Pertaining to the relationship between a nerve and muscle. |
| nocturnal myoclonus | Jerking of the limbs that can occur normally as a person is falling asleep. |
| Oblique | Slanted or at an angle. |
| Paralysis | The loss of sensation and voluntary muscle movements in a muscle through disease or injury to its nerve supply. |
| Paraplegia | The paralysis of both legs and the lower part of the body. |
| Physiatrist | A physician who specializes in physical medicine and rehabilitation with the focus on restoring function. |
| plantar fasciitis | An inflammation of the plantar fascia on the sole of the foot. This condition causes foot or heel pain when walking or running. |
| Polymyositis | A muscle disease characterized by the simultaneous inflammation and weakening of voluntary muscles in many parts of the body. |
| Pronation | The act of rotating the arm or leg so that the palm of the hand or sole of the foot is turned downward or backward. |
| Quadriplegia | Paralysis of all four extremities. |
| range of motion testing | A diagnostic procedure to evaluate joint mobility and muscle strength. |
| Sarcopenia | The loss of muscle mass, strength, and function that come with aging. |
| shin splint | A painful condition caused by the tibialis anterior muscle tearing away from the tibia (shin bone). |
| Singultus | Myoclonus of the diaphragm that causes the characteristic hiccup sound with each spasm; also known as hiccups. |
| spasmodic torticollis | A stiff neck due to spasmodic contraction of the neck muscles that pull the head toward the affected side; also known as wryneck. |
| Sphincter | A ring-like muscle that tightly constricts the opening of a passageway. |
| Sprain | An injury to a joint, such as an ankle, knee, or wrist, which usually occurs when a ligament is wrenched or torn. |
| Tenodesis | The surgical suturing of the end of a tendon to a bone. |
| Tenolysis | The release of a tendon from adhesions; also known as tendolysis. |
| Tenorrhaphy | The surgical suturing together of the divided ends of a tendon. |
| Tenosynovitis | An inflammation of the sheath surrounding a tendon. |
| Transverse | In a crosswise direction. |
Created by:
jillcyr
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