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Liles MSI Digestive
Digestive System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| absorption | passage of a substance into body fluids and tissues |
| alimentary canal | the entire digestive tube from mouth to anus |
| amylase | an enzyme that converts starch or glycogen to glucose |
| anus | the outlet from rectum |
| bile | substance produced by the liver,emulsifies fat, stored in gall bladder |
| bolus | round mass of food prepared by mouth |
| cardiac sphincter | circular muscle fibers around opening of esophogus into stomach |
| cecum | pouch at the proximal end of the large intestine |
| chyme | food which has undergone gastric digestion semi- liquid food |
| colon | known as the large intestine. 5 ft in length. divided into ascending, transverse, descending, and sigmoid colon. |
| defecation | elimination of waste material from the rectum |
| digestion | complex process of the breaking down of food to be utilized by the body |
| duodenum | first part of the small intestine beginning at pylorus. |
| emulsified | in digestion, when bile breaks up fat. |
| Enzyme | Organic catalyst that initiates and accelerates a chemical reaction |
| Esophagus | A muscular tube; takes food from pharynx to the stomach |
| Feces | Waste material from the digestive system |
| Flatulence | The presence of excessive gas in the digestive tract |
| Gallbladder | A small pear-shaped organ under the right lobe of the liver; it stores bile |
| Gingiva | Gums |
| Glycogen | Polysaccharide formed and stored largely in the liver |
| Jejunum | Section of small intestine between duodenum and ileum |
| Liver | large organ of the digestive system, located in upper right quadrant of the abdominal cavity |
| Mastication | Process of chewing |
| Pancreas | Organ of digestion lies behind the stomach, produces digestive juices, insulin, and glucagon |
| Parotid Salivary Gland | Largest of the salivary glands. Where you get mumps. |
| Peristalsis | Progressive wave of contraction in tubular structures provided with longitudinal and transverse muscular fibers, as in esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines |
| Ptyalin | Found in saliva; it converts starches into simple sugars |
| Pyloric Sphincter | Valve that regulates entrance of food from the stomach to the duodenum |
| Rectum | Portion of the colon that opens into the anus |
| Rugae | Wrinkles or folds |
| Stomach | A major organ of digestion; a pouch-like structure located in the upper left quadrant of the abdominal cavity, between the esophagus and the duodenum |
| Uvula | Projection hanging from soft palate, in back of throat |
| Appendicitis | Inflammation of the appendix |
| Caries | decay of tooth or bone |
| Cholecystectomy | Removal of the gallbladder |
| Cholecystitits | Inflammation of the gallbladder |
| Cirrhosis | chronic, progressive inflammatory disease of the liver characterized by the formation of fibrous connective tissue, usually involves alcohol usage |
| Colostomy | Artificial opening from the colon onto the surface of the skin |
| Constipation | Difficulty or lack of defecation |
| Diarrhea | excessive elimination of watery feces |
| Diverticulosis | numerous diverticula in the colon |
| Diverticulitis | Inflammation of the wall of the colon |
| Gastritis | Inflammation of the stomach |
| Gastroenteritis | Inflammation of stomach and small intestines |
| Gingivitis | Inflammation of the gums |
| Heartburn | A burning sensation in the esophagus and stomach |
| Hemoccult | Hidden blood |
| Jaundice | Yellow Color |
| Pancreatitis | Inflammation of the pancreas |
| Peritonitis | Inflammation of the membrane lining the abdominal cavity |
| Pyloric Stenosis | narrowing of the pyloric sphincter, affects infants |
| Ulcer, gastric | open sore in stomoach lining, caused by H. pylori |
Created by:
Connie Liles
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