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Epidemiology 4
Epidemiology: OBGyn, STDs, ID
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| __% of women are GBS vaginal/rectal colonized | 10-30% |
| Chronic intrauterine infection is responsible for __% of IUGR pregnancies | 5-10 |
| Infants in the __ percentile are classified as having intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) | < or =10th |
| Infants in the __ percentile are classified as large for gestational age (LGA) | > or = 90th |
| What is the most common medical complication of pregnancy | Diabetes mellitus |
| Preexisting diabetes mellitus affects approximately __ per 1000 pregnancies | 1-3 |
| GDM complicates __% of pregnancies | 4 |
| What are the ethnic or racial groups with a high prevalence of diabetes | Hispanic Americans, Native Americans, Asian Americans, African Americans, Pacific Islanders |
| Hypertension complicates __ of all pregnancies | 5-7% |
| Preeclampsia/eclampsia is responsible for __% of hypertension in pregnancy | 70 |
| ___% of women are asymptomatic with ectopic pregnancy before tubal rupture | 50% |
| Most common cause of postpartum hemo | Uterine atony |
| How often are breech presentations found in term pregnancies | 3-4% |
| What is the rate of c-section in the US | 1 in every 10 births |
| Prevalence of shoulder dystocia | 0.06-1.4% of deliveries |
| Preterm delivery is particularly acute among what group | African Americans |
| Leading cause of developmental disability in children | Preterm delivery |
| uterine fibroids (leiomyomata) | AA>W; pos FH; fibroids assoc with 4x risk of endometrial ca |
| endometrial ca | 75% postmenopausal (usu estrogen-independent)(mean age 58 yo); W>AA; estrogen-dept more common in younger women |
| most common Gyn malignancy | endometrial ca = 4th most common female malig |
| endometriosis | nulliparous F late 20s-early 30s; 7% FH; 30% of infertile F have endometriosis |
| ovarian cancer | No 2 most common Gyn cancer. Epithelial is higher annual COD than all other Gyn ca combined. Dx 50-75 yo. 75% dx at advanced stage. 90% are sporadic |
| highest mortality rate among Gyn malig: | ovarian ca; 60% die within 5 yrs |
| cervical cancer | Bimodal: 35-39 yo & 60-64 yo. CIN mid-20s. CIS 25-35 yo. |
| vulvar malig: | rarest of Gyn ca; postmenopausal (mean dx age 65 yo); 25% have comorbid cervical cancer |
| breast cancer | Most common F malig; 2nd F COD from ca; W>AA BUT higher M&M in AA; 85% ductal, 15% lobular. 230,000 cases.yr; 40,000 deaths/yr |
| infertility | 15% of repro-age couples in US; 7-28% prevalence, inc w/inc F age |
| multiple births | 3% incidence (& increasing); 1 in 80 births; 2/3 are dizygotic (fraternal) |
| What is the lifetime risk of contracting an STD | 1 in 4 |
| STD: What age group is the highest at risk population | 15-24 |
| What geographic regions are at highest risk for STD’s | southeast and urban |
| 2nd most commonly reported infectious disease in US | Gonorrhea |
| About how many patients with latent syphilis progress to tertiary phase | 2/3 |
| The most commonly reported STI in the US | Chlamydia: >1 million infections in 2006 |
| Chlamydia is most prevalent in what population | <20 yr olds, nulliparous, users of non-barrier contraceptive methods |
| pertussis infxn most often in: | premature infants; pts w/cardio, pulmo, neuromx probs |
| HIV epi | 40M world, most in Ctrl/E Africa (1/3 infected); 5M cases & 3M deaths/yr |
| rickettsial transmission is highest during: | spring & summer; eastern US; transmitted by wood tick |
| Number of pts diagnosed with sepsis per year: | 750,000 |
| Abruptio placentae | Occurs in 1 of 120 births. Cause of 10-15% of perinatal mortality |
| Uterine cancer | No 1 Gyn cancer in US. 75% at initial dx have dz confined to uterine corpus. |
Created by:
Abarnard
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