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Anatomy Q4
Respiratory
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| breathing; moving air in and out of the lungs | pulmonary ventilation |
| exchange of gases between the blood & the air at the lung alveoli | external respiration |
| the blood transports carbon dioxide and oxygen | transport of respiratory gases |
| gas exchange between blood & the tissue cells | internal respiration |
| transports the air | conducting zone |
| includes all structures of the respiratory system up to (but not including) the respiratory bronchioles | conducting zone |
| the conducting zone ends at the _____ _____ | terminal bronchioles |
| the site of gas exchange | respiratory zone |
| the end part of the respiratory tree | respiratory zone |
| the respiratory zone starts at the _____ _____ | respiratory bronchioles |
| provides an airway for respiration; moistens and warms air; filters inhaled air | nose |
| nostrils | anterior nares |
| the nasal cavity is divided by the ___ ___ | nasal septum |
| the nasal cavity is continuous with the ____ | nasopharynx |
| superior portion of the nasal septum | perpendicular plate of the ethmoid bone |
| cribriform plate, sphenoid bone, & frontal bone | roof of the nasal cavity |
| hard palate & soft palate | floor of the nasal cavity |
| nasal septum | medial wall of the nasal cavity |
| inferior nasal conchae bones & conchae of the ethmoid bone | lateral walls of the nasal cavity |
| project medially form the lateral wall of the nasal cavity | nasal conchae |
| funnel-shaped passageway; connects nasal cavity and mouth | pharynx |
| superior to the point where food enters | nasopharynx |
| 3 locations of the pharynx | nasopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx |
| the nasopharynx is ___ an air passageway | only |
| adenoids | pharyngeal tonsils |
| located on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx; destroys entering pathogens | pharyngeal tonsils |
| extends from soft palate to epiglottis | oropharynx |
| arch-like entranceway (fauces) | oropharynx |
| passageway from back of mouth (fauces) | oropharynx |
| passageway for both air & food | laryngopharynx |
| continuous with the esophagus & larynx | laryngopharynx |
| 3 functions of the larynx | 1. voice production 2. provides an open airway 3. routes air & food into the proper channels |
| ridge that divides the trachea | carina |
| the windpipe | trachea |
| the trachea descends into the ____ | mediastinum |
| the trachea divides into two main ____ at the ____ | bronchi; carina |
| ____ ____ keep airway open | cartilage rings |
| the trachea contains 16-20 ____ ____ ____ separated by fibrous connective tissue | C-shaped cartilage rings |
| extensively branching respiratory passageways | bronchial tree |
| the bronchial tree has __ divisions | 23 |
| largest bronchi | primary bronchi |
| there are __ primary bronchi | 2 |
| there are __ right secondary bronchi | 3 |
| the right secondary bronchi are ____ and ___ than the left | wider, shorter |
| there are __ left secondary bronchi | 2 |
| there are __ tertiary bronchi in each lung | 10 |
| branch from terminal bronchioles & lead to alveolar ducts | respiratory bronchioles |
| a double-layered sac surrounding each lung | the pleurae |
| two layers of the pleurae | parietal & visceral pleura |
| potential space between the visceral and parietal pleurae | pleural cavity |
| ___ help divide the thoracic cavity | pleurae |
| surface that abuts the ribs | costal surface |
| superior tip of each lung | apex |
| inferior surface of lungs | base |
| base of the lungs | diaphragmatic surface |
| medial surface of each lung | mediastinal surface |
| opening for nerves, bronchi, vascular | hilus |
| region for the heart | cardiac notch |
| the left lung has __ lobes | 2 |
| the right lung has __ lobes | 3 |
| which lung contains an oblique fissure? | left lung |
| which lung contains a horizontal/transverse fissure & an oblique fissure? | right lung |
| the horizontal/transverse fissure is located _____ | superiorly |
| the oblique fissure is located ____ | inferiorly |
| each lung has __ segments | 10 |
| the smallest lung division you can see by the naked eye | lobule |
| connective tissue in the lungs giving support | stroma |
| "supporting mattress" | stroma |
| deliver oxygen-poor blood to the lungs | pulmonary arteries |
| carry oxygenated blood to the heart | pulmonary veins |
| parasympathetic fibers ___ airways | constrict |
| sympathetic airways ___ airways | dilate |
| The exchange of gases between the blood and air at the lung alveoli is called | external respiration |
| The trachea is part of the ____ zone | conducting |
| The roof of the nasal cavity is formed by the ___ bones | ethmoid & sphenoid |
| The most inferior region of the pharynx is the | laryngopharynx |
| The "guardian of the airways" is the | epiglottis |
| The ___ marks the point where the trachea branches into the primary bronchi | carina |
| There are __ fissure(s) and ___ lobar bronchi in the left lung | one. two |
| The first part of the respiratory zone includes the ___ bronchioles | respiratory |
| The surface of the lungs in contact with the diaphragm is called the diaphragmatic surface OR ___ | base |
| The fissures in the right lung | horizontal/transverse & obligque |
Created by:
leahmurphy
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