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GREEN MOD
Musculoskeletal Review
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| what are the 5 regions of the vertebral column? | cervical, throacic, lumbar, sacral, coccyx |
| what are the 4 different types of bones? | short, irregular, flat, long |
| what are the functions of bones? | provide framework for the body, protect internal organs, store calcium/other minerals, produce blood cells, provides points of attachments |
| what are the functions of the muscle? | contribute to posture, produce heat, protect internal organs, primarily movement |
| what are the 3 different types of ribs? | true, false, floating |
| what are the 3 divisions of the pelvis? | illium, ischium, pubis |
| what does the appendicular skeleton consist of? | bones of the upper/lower limbs, shoulder/pectoral girdle, pelvis/hip girdle |
| what are the 3 regions of the axial skeleton? | skull, vertebral column, rib cage |
| what does the pectoral girdle consist of? | clavical, scapula |
| what is a fontenal? | unossified membrane lying between the cranial bones |
| what is an orthopedist? | physician who specializes in diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders |
| what is muscular dystrophy? | genetic disease, gradual atrophy and weakening of the muscle tissue |
| what is myasthenia gravis? | neuromuscular disorder, muscle weakness, lead to loss of function |
| what is rheumatoid arthritis? | systemic disease, results in crippling deforimites |
| periosteum | a dense fiberous membrane that covers the surface of bone |
| tendon | a strap composed of connective tissue that joins muscle to bone |
| lordosis | abnormal inward curvature of the spine |
| scoliosis | abnormal lateral curvature of the spine |
| kyphosis | an exaggerated outward cutvature of the thoracic verterbrae |
| appendage | any body part attached to a main structure |
| talipes | any deformity of the foot; also called club foot |
| ligament | band of connective tissue that connects bone to bone |
| osteoporosis | bone pores or cavities resulting from a decrease in bone density |
| sternum | breast bone |
| flexion | decreases the angle of a joint |
| crepitation | dry grating sound caused by bones rubbing together |
| dorsflexion | elevates the foot |
| laminectomy | excision of the posterior arch of a vertebrae |
| podiatry | foot treatment |
| diarthrosis | freely movable joints |
| synarthroses | immovable joints |
| exacerbation | increase in severity of a disease |
| extension | increases the angle of a joint |
| claudication | lameness, limping |
| cruciate ligament | ligaments that from an X |
| hypotonia | loss of muscle tone |
| plantar flexion | lowers the foot |
| bone mineral density | measures bone denisty |
| abduction | moves AWAY from the midline |
| adduction | moves CLOSER to the midline |
| inversion | moves the sole of the foot INWARD |
| eversion | moves the sole of the foot OUTWARD |
| strain | muscular trauma cause by violent contraction or an excessive forcible stretch |
| subluxation | partial or incomplete dislocation |
| reduction | procedure that restores bone to its normal position |
| hematopoiesis | production and development of blood cells |
| arthrocentesis | puncture of a joint space |
| myelography | radiography of the spinal cord |
| open reduction | reduction procedure that treats bone fractures using surgery |
| closed reduction | reduction procedure that uses manipulation |
| muscular tissue | refers to all contractile tissue of the body |
| amphiarthroses | slightly movable joints |
| Torticollis | Stiff neck cause by spasmodic contraction of the neck muscle |
| Ankylosis | Stiffening and immobility of a joint |
| Sprain | Tearing of ligament tissue |
| Ilium | The lateral flaring portion of the hip bone |
| Ischium | The lower part of the hip bone |
| Agonist | The muscle that produces the movement |
| Antagonist | The muscle that relaxes in order to allow a movement |
| Joint/articulation | The place at which two bones meet |
| Pubis | The third portion of the hipbone |
| Calcium supplements | Treat and prevent hypocalcemia |
| Pronation | Turns the palm down |
| Supination | Turns the palm up |
| ACL | anterior cruciate ligament |
| CDH | congenital dislocation of the hip |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DJD | degenerative joint disease |
| EMG | electromyography |
| Fx | fracture |
| IM | intramuscular |
| IV | intravenous |
| MS | musculoskeletal, multiple sclerosis |
| NSAIDs | nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs |
| THA | total hip arthroplasty |
| THR | total hip replacement |
Created by:
lexieeesmith
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