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AP Gov Chapter 6
Chapter 6 Vocabulary Terms
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Civil rights | government-protected rights of individuals against arbitrary treatment by people/government cause of race, sex, etc. |
13th amendment | banned slavery in U.S. |
Black codes | laws denying most legal rights to newly freed slaves |
14th amendment | guarantees equal protection/due process of law to all U.S. citizens |
15th amendment | gave newly freed male slaves right to vote |
Jim Crow laws | laws that discriminated against blacks by creating “whites only” public areas |
Poll tax | tax on voting to stop poor blacks from voting |
Grandfather clause | only those whose grandfathers had voted could vote (stopped blacks from voting) |
Plessy v. Ferguson | caused Supreme Court to say that discrimination was legal as long as the separate facilities were “separate but equal” (short version) |
Suffrage movement | drive for women’s right to vote |
19th amendment | gave women right to vote |
Brown v. Board of Edu | school segregation illegal because violated 14th amendment, ending legal segregation in the U.S. (short version) |
Equal protection clause | section of 14th amendment that guarantees equal protection of the law to all |
Civil Rights Act of 1964 | outlawed segregation in public plus racial discrimination in employment, education, and voting |
De Jure Discrimination | racial discrimination caused by the law (illegal) |
De Facto Discrimination | racial discrimination caused by practice, such as personal acts/housing patterns(legal) |
Equal Employment Opportunity Commission | federal agency that enforces the Civil Rights Act |
Equal rights Amendment | proposed amendment that would have barred discrimination against women |
Suspect classification | category (race mainly) that triggers highest judicial scrutiny |
Strict scrutiny | heightened standard of review used by the Supreme Court |
Title IX | bars schools from discriminating against females |
Affirmative action | policies giving attention/compensatory treatment to a previously disadvantaged group |