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Cranium
WVSOM -- Cranium
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Viscerocranium | Portion of the skull making up the face. Made up of neurocrest cells |
| Neurocranium | the portion of the skull containing the brain and brainstem. Is lined by dura mater |
| Which suture is inconstant? | Metopic suture |
| What is the lambda? | Junction of the sagittal suture and the lamboidal suture |
| What is the pterion? | junction of coronary and squamous sutures |
| What is the bregma? | junction of sagittal and coronal sutures |
| What is the asterion? | junction of squamous and lambdoidal sutures |
| What are the 3 protective sheets that protect the brain? | meninges (dura mater, aracnoid and pia mater) |
| What is the purpose of CSF? | shock absorber |
| What is the function of the dura mater? | Physically supports brain and spinal cord, returns blood from the brain to the internal jugulars, and serves as the periosteum of the surrounding bones |
| What keeps the aracnoid close to the dura? | pressure of the cerebral spinal fluid |
| What is the function of the arachnoid mater? | allows vessels to travel to and from the brain |
| How do vessels travel thru the sub-arachnoid space? | arachnoid tubule |
| What are the three folds of the dura mater? | falx cerebri, tentorium cerebelli, and falx cerebella |
| What is the falx cerebri? | dura mater fold that separates the right and left lobes of the cortex |
| What is the tentorium cerebella? | dura mater fold that separates the occipital and temporal lobes from the cerebellum. |
| What does the falx cerebella? | duramater fold that separates the lateral cerebellar lobes |
| What nerves innervate the dura? | CN V and X |
| What causes pain in the dura? | stretching |
| What is the main artery to the dura? | middle meningeal artery |
| What bones make up the anterior cranial fossa? | Frontal, Ethmoid, Sphenoid Bones |
| What part of the brain is in the anterior cranial fossa? | Frontal Lobes |
| What bones make up the middle cranial fossa? | sphenoid and temporal bones |
| What part of the brain sits in the middle cranial fossa? | Temporal lobes, Pituitary gland, hypothalamus. |
| What artery and vein are in the middle cranial fossa? | middle meningeal artery and cavernous sinus |
| What nerves run thru the middle cranial fossa? | CN II, III, IV, V, VI |
| What bones make up the posterior cranial fossa? | Temporal and occipital bones |
| What part of the brain sits in the posterior cranial fossa? | cerebellum, pons and medulla |
| What nerves run thru the posterior cranial fossa? | VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII |
| What are the two small blood supplies to the spinal cord? | Anterior and posterior radicular artery |
| Where does the radicular arteries originate from? | Spinal branch of the posterior intercostals artery |
| Where do the radicular arteries anastamose? | anterior and posterior spinal arteries |
| What arteries branch off of the anterior and posterior spinal arteries? | sulcal artery and the vasocorona |
| Since the small spinal branches are not enough to supply the spinal cord, where does the spinal cord get other contributions from? | Enlarged anterior segmental medullary arteries and vertebral arteries near the brain |
| What do the left and right vertebral arteries join to form? | basilar artery |
| What does the basilar artery anastomose with? | Left and right internal carotid arteries |
| What forms the Circle of Willis? | Left and right internal carotid arteries |
| What is the blood supply to the brain and brainstem? | Circle of willis |
| Where are the venous sinuses located? | inside the folds of the dura mater |
| Where does blood drain from the cortex? | superior sagittal sinus and drains posteriorly |
| Where is the superior sagittal sinus? | hangs in a cleft between the two cerebral hemispheres |
| What are the unpaired venous sinuses? | Superior Sagittal sinus and inferior sagittal sinus |
| What anastamoses the basilar vein to the inferior sagital sinus? | great cerebral vein |
| Where do the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses anastomose? | confluence of sinuses |
| Where do deeper nervous structures drain? | inferior sagittal sunus and/or basilar vein |
| Where does the confluence of sinuses drain? | Left and right transverse sinuses |
| Where do the transverse sinuses drain? | sigmoid sinuses |
| How does blood exit the skull? | from the internal jugular veins |
| What drains blood to the internal jugular veins? | sigmoid sinuses |
| What does the cavernous sinus drain blood to? | internal jugular vein thru a superior and inferior petrosal sinus |
| What connects the venous sinuses and the scalp? | emissary veins |
| What veins can serve as routes of infection from the scalp into the dural system? | emissary veins |
Created by:
tjamrose
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