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Carnegie ECG

Heart Terms E-I

TermDefinition
Edema Swelling due to abnormally large amounts of fluid in the tissues of the body.
Electric cardiac pacemaker An electric device that can control the beating of the heart by a rhythmic discharge of electrical impulses.
Electrocardiogram Often referred to as EKG or ECG. A graphical record of the electrical currents produced by the heart.
Electrolyte Any substance which, in solution, is capable of conducting electricity by means of its atoms or groups of atoms, and in the process is broken down into positively and negatively charged particles. Examples are sodium and potassium.
Embolism The blocking of a blood vessel by a clot or other substance carried in the blood stream.
Endocarditis Inflammation of the inner layer of the heart (endocardium) usually associated with acute rheumatic fevers or some infectious agents.
Endocardium A thin, smooth membrane forming the inner surface of the heart.
Epinephrine One of the secretions of two small glands, called the adrenal glands, located just above the kidneys, constricts the small blood vessels (arterioles), increases heartrate, and raises blood pressure. It is called a vasoconstrictor or vaspopressor.
What is another name for Epinephrine? Adrenalin (it can sometimes be prepared synthetically)
Erythrocyte Red blood cell
Essential hypertension Sometimes called primary hypertension, and commonly known as high blood pressure. An elevated pressure not caused by kidney or other evident disease.
Etiology The sum of knowledge about the causes of a disease.
Extracoporeal Circulation The circulation of the blood outside the body as by a mechanical pump-oxygenator. This is often done while surgery is being performed inside the heart.
Extrasystole A contraction of the heart which occurs prematurely and interrupts the normal rhythm.
Femoray artery Main blood vessel supplying blood to the leg.
Fibrilation Uncoordinated contractions of the heart muscle occurring when the individual muscle fibers take up independent irregular contractions.
Gallop rhythm An extra, clearly heard heart sound which, when the heart rate is fast, resembles a horse's gallop. It may or may no be significant.
Heart block Interference with the conduction of the electrical impulses of the heart which can be either partial or complete. This can result in dissociation of the rhythms of the upper and lower heart chambers.
Heart-lung machine A machine through which the blood stream is diverted for pumping and oxygenation while the heart is opened for surgery.
Hemodynamics The study of the flow of blood and forces involved.
Hemorrhage Loss of blood from a blood vessel. In external hemorrhage blood escapes from the body. In internal hemorrhage blood passes into tissues surrounding the ruptured blood vessel.
Heparin A chemical substance which tends to prevent blood from clotting. Sometimes used in cases of an existing clot in an artery or vein to prevent enlargement of the clot or the formation of new clots. An anticoagulant.
His, Wilhelm (1831-1904) German anatomist who discovered bundle of muscle fibers running from the upper to lower chambers of heart. These fibers are known as "Bundle of His".
Hypertension Commonly called high blood pressure. An unstable or persistent elevation of blood pressure above the normal range, which may eventually lead to increased heart size and kidney damage.
Hypertrophy The enlargement of a tissue or organ due to increase in the size of its constituent cells. This may result from a demand for increased work.
Hypotension Commonly called low blood pressure. Blood pressure below the normal range. Most commonly used to describe an acute fall in blood pressure, as occurs in shock.
Hypoxia Less than normal content of oxygen in the organs and tissues of the body. At very high altitudes a healthy person suffers from hypoxia because of insufficient oxygen in the air that is breathed.
Incompetent valve Any valve which does not close tight and leaks blood back in the wrong direction. Also called valvular insufficiency.
Infarct An area of tissue that is damaged or dies due to not receiving sufficient blood supply. Frequently used in the phrase "myocardial infarct" referring to an area of heart muscle damaged or killed by insufficient bloodflow through the coronary arteries.
Inter-atrial septum Sometimes called auricular septum or interauricular septum or atrial septum. Muscular wall dividing left and right upper chambers of the heart which are called atria.
Inter-ventricular septum Sometimes called ventricular septum. Muscular wall, thinner at the top, dividing the left and right lower chambers of the heart which are called ventricles.
Ischemia A local, usually temporary, deficiency of blood in some part of the body, often caused by a constriction or an obstruction in the blood vessel supplying that part.
Created by: ICVT2b
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