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Daance/ Quizzes
general studies
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| The T wave on an ECG tracing is evidence of what change in polarization? | repolarization of the ventricles |
| What anatomical structure located at the top of the larynx closes the airway and prevents foreign bodies from entering the trachea? | epiglottis |
| Which of the following structures is most likely to cause obstruction of the airway when an anesthetized patient is lying in a supine posistion? | tongue |
| Blood is pumped to the lungs from the heart through which of the following vessels? | pulmonary artery |
| Which of the following is the normal sequences for the flow of blood through the heart and lungs? | Right atrium,right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta |
| The small, sac like structures located at the end of the respiratory tract in which oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged are called | alveoi |
| Which of the following structures may be involved in a patient who has an upper respiratory infection? | Nose, sinuses and pharynx |
| The soft tissue valve that covers the larynx and allows food to enter the esophagus is called the | epiglottis |
| An artery located in the neck that is readily palpated when looking for a patients pulse is the | common carotid |
| Which part of the eye loses its reflex action first during the induction of anesthesia? | eyelid |
| A patient with a history of transient ischemic attacks (TIA) has had a temporary lessening of | blood supply to the brain |
| Ischemic heart disease is a result of | decreased blood flow in the coronary arteries |
| The main purpose of the review of systems is to obtain a careful evaluation of the patients | medical history |
| A patient who has renal disease would be expected to have difficulty with which of the following? Drug excretion, drug metabolism, use of insulin, effective local anesthesia | Drug excretion |
| The medical history is NOT used to document | the socioeconomic status of the patient |
| Congestive heart failure can result in all of the following EXCEPT...bronchospasm, shortness of breath, pitting dependent edema or ascites | Bronchospasm |
| normal blood oxygen saturation is an ASA (class)I patient ranges from? | 95%-100% |
| Which of the following statement about the ASA physical status classification of patients is FALSE? | it allows a surgeon to anesthetize a class V patient routinely |
| Patients with diabetes are at risk for oral and maxillofacial surgery because they | are subject to postoperative infections |
| A patient who has had a myocardial infarction should wait how many months before having elective surgery? | 6 |
| Diazepam (valium) is used in outpatient oral and maxillofacial surgery to | sedate the patient |
| Barbiturates are detoxified primarily in the | liver |
| Rapid administration of anesthetic does of methohexital (brevital) can result in 1-hiccups 2 tachycardia 3- respiratory depression | All of them |
| The reason that methohexital (brevitol) is considered to be ultrashort acting is because it is | Not as highly bound to fat as thiopental |
| Oxygen is approximately what percent of room air | 20% |
| Naloxon ( Narcan) is used primarily as | a narcotic antagonsist |
| Recovery from ketamine (ketalar) anesthetics is sometimes associated with | bad dreams |
| Local anesthetic containing epinephrine should be used cautiosly in patients who have | cardiac dysrhythmias |
| which of the following is the major advantage for using propofol (diprovan) over methohecital (brevitol) | Lower incidence of nausea and a shorter duration |
| Which of the following is an advantage of using a local anesthetic alone? 1. A preoperative history is not necessary, 2-the patient does not have to be NPO, 3-The patient can be left alone just after the injection 4- A driver is not necessary | 2 & 4 |
| in the united states, the standard color for a nitrous oxide cylinder is what color | Blue |
| Blood pressure levels will most likely be falsely LOW when using | an adult arm cuff on a small child |
| A monitoring device that gives information about both circulation and ventilation is the | Pulse Oximeter |
| Ventilation can be monitored continously by | use of an automated sphygomanometer (bp), Auscultation in the precordial or pretracheal region, and Observation of the rebreathing bag |
| A rocking or "see-sawing" rythm of the chest and abdomen may indicate | airway obstruction |
| An increased heart rate may be caused by | a painful stimuli |
| Capnography measure the.... | level of carbon dioxide expired in each breath. |
| Syncope is the result of | decreased cerebral blood flow |
| Cricothyroidotomy is the emergency procedure used to establish an airway when a patient experiences | upper airway obstruction that prevents ventilation |
| Angina pectorois is most likely to be caused by | heart disease |
| The most important reason an intravenous line should be established when a myocardial infarction is suspected is | medications can be administered |
| Which of the arrhythmias is most dangerous?? | ventricular fibrillation |
| The drug of choice for management of grand mal seizures is IV administration of | Diazapam (valium) |
| Analgesia | insensitivity to pain- ie analgesic =pain killer |
| Antecubital | situated in front of the elbow |
| Anxiolytics | drugs that reduce anxiety ;ie: diazepram (valium), midazolam (versed) |
| Apnea | absence or cessation of breathing |
| Antiemetic | a drug that counteracts nausea and vomiting |
| Artery | a vessel that carries blood away from the heart to otherparts of the body |
| Asystole | cardiac arrest in which there is no rhythm display and no contraction |
| Barbiturates | a group of pharmacologic agents that have a sedative properties and produce amnesia and a hypnotic effect (brevital) |
| Bradycardia | slow heart rate (less than 60 beats per minute) |
| Bundle of His | a small band of atypical cardiac muscle fibers that propagates the atrial contraction rhythm to the ventricles |
| Capnography | measurement and recording of the amount of carbon dioxide in expired air. |
| Center of Emotion | a group of structures in the central portion of the brain stem that has an inhibitory influences on the heart action via the vagus nerve (tenth cranial nerve) |
| Emergence | the awakening or return of consciousness of a petient following anesthesia. |
| hypercarbia | an increased level of carbon dioxide |
| hyperpyrexia | an increased body temperature |
| Hypertension | abnormally high blood pressure |
| hypotension | abnormally low blood pressure |
| hypoxia | low levels of oxygen in the bodys tissue |
| induction | the initiation of a state of unconsciousness during anesthesia |
| inferior alveolar artery | artery that supplies blood to the mandible, teeth, lower lip and chin |
| Inferior vena cave | the venous trunk from the lower extremities and abdominal viscera that empties blood into the right atrium of the heart. |
| Ischemia | deficiency of blood to a body part, due to functional constriction of obstruction of a blood vessel. |
| normal sinus rhythm | the normal rhythm of the heart containing P waves, QRS complexes and T waves with a regular rate of 60-100bpm |
| NPO | Nothing by mouth (nil per os) |
| P wave | a wave appearing on an ECG tracing that reflects the electrical activity that produces contraction of the atria. |
| Paroxysmal tachycardia | a condition marked by sudden attacks of rapid heartbeats |
| PO (per os) | By mouth |
| Potentiate | to make stronger or enhance the effect of a drug or anesthetic agent |
| QRS complex | an element appearing on an ECG tracing that reflects the activity that produces ventricular contraction. |
| Review of systems | an organized set of questions asked during history taking that address each of the major body systems. |
| Syncope | temporary suspension of consciousness due to generalized cerebral ischemia; fainting |
| T wave | the EKG wave form that represents repolarization of the ventricles. |
| Tachycardia | fast heart rate (greater than 100 beats per minute) |
| Tidal volume | the amount of gas that is inspired or expired during one respiratory cycle. |
| Ventricular tachycardia | a cardiac dysrhythmia in which there is rapid firing of an ectopic focus in the ventricles (with a rate of 140-200bpm) and a wide QRS complex with no p wave |
| the Mallampati Classification is what? | the visual analysis of the oral/oropharyngeal anatomy. |
| Mallampati Classification Class I | you can see the soft palate, fauces, uvula, anterior and posterior pillars |
| Mallampati Classification Class II | you can see the soft palate, fauces and uvula |
| Mallampati Classification Class III | you can see the soft palate and the base of the uvula. |
| Mallampati Classification Class IV | Soft palate is not visible at all |
| Ketamine relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, which makes ketamine particularly useful in what type of patients? | Asthmatic |
Created by:
katieweir
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